Low energy system and method of desalinating seawater
A seawater and desalination technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, seawater treatment, multi-stage water treatment, etc., can solve problems such as expensive power requirements
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[0104] According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the one or more input devices may include sensors for measuring one or more parameters of the processing system. Alternatively, sensors, metering valves and / or pumps or all of these components may be connected to a communications network operatively coupled to the computer system. For example, sensors may be configured as input devices that are directly connected to a computer system, and metering valves and / or pumps may be configured as output devices that are connected to the computer system, and any one or more of the above components may be Coupled to another computer system or component to communicate with the computer system by means of a communication network. Such a configuration enables one sensor to be located at an effective distance from another sensor or any sensor to be located at an effective distance from any subsystem and / or controller while still providing data between them.
[0105] The controlle...
Embodiment 1
[0110] In this embodiment, the desired potential can be generated by using condensed cell pairs in some configurations of the inventive device. Table 1 below provides the calculated potentials at room temperature based on the concentration of the stream introduced into the half-cell compartment according to the Nernst equation.
[0111] The table below shows that the feed stream concentration ratio is preferably as large as possible to increase the potential generated. For example, the concentration ratio may be at least about 2, preferably at least about 3, more preferably at least about 5, and even more preferably at least about 10.
[0112] Table 1.
[0113] CONC1
[0114] 7
[0115] The following list provides typical seawater ion concentrations. The main cation species in seawater is Na + , K + , Ca +2 and Mg +2 , and the main anionic species is Cl - and SO 4 2- . The respective concentrations of bicarbonate and carbonate species will depend...
Embodiment 2
[0119] This example provides an exemplary electrodialysis sequence that may be used in accordance with some aspects of the invention.
[0120] Figure 10A A sequence of electrodialysis devices is shown exemplarily, which can be used in a first train 220 of a first treatment stage. Sequence 220 may contain multiple stages, each operating at an optimal voltage and current density to minimize energy use. As shown, sequence 220 may have four stages of electrodialysis units.
[0121] In a first sequence, the depleted compartments may be connected in series and the dilution streams are in series, with the product from one stage serving as feed to the downstream depleted compartment. Fresh seawater is used as feed to each associated enrichment compartment in each stage to minimize any concentration differences between the dilution and enrichment compartments in each stage.
[0122] Each stage can also have many ED modules running in parallel.
[0123] The second sequence 222 may ...
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