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Silicon-carbon composite anode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

A technology for lithium ion batteries and negative electrode materials, which is applied to battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve problems such as affecting cycle performance, pulverization and peeling of electrode materials, etc., to improve cycle performance, improve mass specific capacity, and simple operation process. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2015-01-07
ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE CO LTD +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, silicon-based materials will experience a volume expansion of up to 300% during the intercalation / deintercalation of lithium ions, which will lead to the powdering and peeling of the electrode material, which will seriously affect its cycle performance.

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite anode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] Preparation of silicon-carbon composite materials. The core material artificial graphite particles with a purity of 99.99% are evenly distributed in the reaction tank of the pyrolysis reactor. The size of the graphite particles is 0.1-1 μm, and the reaction tank is placed in the constant temperature zone of the pyrolysis reactor. The temperature of the pyrolysis reactor was raised to 500°C under the protection of a high-purity argon atmosphere, the protective argon gas source was turned off, the pyrolysis silicon precursor silane gas source was turned on, and the pyrolysis reactor was entered at a flow rate of 50 ml / min, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 3 After 1 hour, the silane gas source was turned off, and the argon gas was used for protection. Raise the temperature of the reactor to 800°C, turn off the argon gas source, turn on the pyrolysis carbon precursor methane, enter the pyrolysis reactor at a flow rate of 50 ml / min, keep the reaction temperatur...

Embodiment 2

[0026] Preparation of silicon-carbon composite materials. The artificial graphite particles of the core material are 5-10 μm, and the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction method is the same as in Example 1. The pyrolysis silicon precursor uses ethylsilane, and the pyrolysis time is 1 hour. The pyrolysis carbon precursor uses acetylene, and the pyrolysis time is After 2 hours, the obtained silicon-carbon composite material has a silicon content of 18% (wt), a core material graphite particle content of 46% (wt), and a shell material pyrolytic carbon content of 36% (wt). The battery performance test is the same as that in Embodiment 1. It has been determined that the reversible cycle capacity of the prepared silicon-carbon composite anode material is more than 600 mAh / g, there is basically no capacity decline for more than 50 charge-discharge cycles, and the charge-discharge Coulombic efficiency is close to 100%.

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon composite anode material for a lithium ion battery, which consists of a core material, a doping material and a shell material, wherein the shell material is used for coating the core material, the core material is synthetic graphite particles, the doping material is pyrolytic silicon particles, and the shell material is pyrolytic carbon. The invention also provides a preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite anode material for the lithium ion battery. According to the invention, the advantage of high specific capacity of silicon is maintained, and the cyclical stability of the material is improved simultaneously, so that the specific capacity of the mass of the anode material is improved, the volume of the battery is further reduced, and the requirement of a developing portable power supply on the battery with the high specific capacity is met. The preparation method provided by the invention has a simple operating process, the reaction can be easily controlled, the content of the silicon in a prepared silicon-based composite material is quantificationally controlled, the high specific capacity of the silicon is maintained, the cycle performance is effectively improved simultaneously, the cycle performance of the silicon-based composite material is higher than that of a silicon-based composite material prepared through other methods, and the silicon-carbon composite anode material has a favorable market prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a green energy developed in the 1990s, lithium-ion batteries have the following advantages over traditional lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and other secondary batteries: high reversible capacity, long cycle life and high energy density, no memory effect etc. Moreover, in the current environment where conventional non-renewable energy sources are increasingly depleted, lithium-ion batteries have increasingly become one of the hot spots in the research and development of secondary energy sources in the world in the past decade. [0003] At present, the anode materials of commercial lithium-ion batteries are mainly graphite-based carbon materials, but because of its theoretical capacity of only 372 mAh / g, it hinders the further improvement of the specific energy of li...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/133H01M4/38H01M4/1393
CPCY02E60/122Y02E60/10
Inventor 李小平项梁顺郭锋
Owner ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE CO LTD
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