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Dual-phase electrolyte and lithium-silver battery

An electrolyte and organic electrolyte technology, used in fuel cell type half cells and secondary battery type half cells, etc., can solve the problems of unstable chemical properties, easy corrosion, fragile diaphragm, etc., and achieve a good and stable interface, Avoid easily breakable, good hydrophobic effects

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-05-22
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the existing technology still cannot meet the requirements of realizing the electrification of automobiles. One of the main reasons is that the power supply of electric vehicles has the following defects: low energy density, high cost, slow charging speed, short life and poor safety, etc.
[0007] The existing organic-water dual-phase electrolyte system lithium-air batteries and lithium-metal batteries mainly use non-hydrophobic solvents as solvents for organic electrolytes, and use solid ceramic separators (such as LISICON membranes) as separators to separate miscible organic electrolytes. and water electrolyte, since the diaphragm is a solid ceramic diaphragm, the dual-phase electrolyte system battery that uses this diaphragm as a separation of the organic electrolyte and the aqueous electrolyte inevitably has the following disadvantages: 1) The solid ceramic diaphragm has a large impedance and is not The dual-phase electrolyte system battery that uses this separator is characterized by high power density; 2) Solid ceramic separators are easily corroded when in contact with strong alkaline or weakly acidic aqueous electrolytes, and their chemical properties are unstable; 3) Solid ceramic separators The separator is fragile, if it breaks, it will cause direct contact between lithium, organic electrolyte and water electrolyte, seriously affecting the safety of the battery; 4) The processing size of solid ceramic separators is limited, which is not conducive to separator processing and battery assembly
However, zinc-silver batteries have the following disadvantages: 1) The cycle life is short, and it can only cycle for 30-50 cycles when discharged at a high rate, and only 200-400 cycles when discharged at a low rate; 2) The voltage platform is low

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0036] Propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate with a volume ratio of 1:1 are mixed to obtain a hydrophobic organic solvent, and lithium perchlorate is dissolved in the hydrophobic organic solvent at a concentration of 1mol / L to obtain a hydrophobic organic electrolyte ; Lithium hydroxide and lithium nitrate are dissolved in triple distilled water, the concentration of lithium hydroxide is 0.1mol / L, the concentration of lithium nitrate is 1mol / L, to obtain an aqueous electrolyte; subsequently, two diaphragms are respectively immersed in the hydrophobic It was treated for 10 days in sexual organic electrolyte and aqueous electrolyte.

[0037] After 10 days, the diaphragm was taken out to obtain the treated diaphragm, and the electrochemical impedance behavior of the diaphragm before and after the treatment was measured by AC impedance technology. The measurement was carried out in the form of a stainless steel blocking cell on the PARSTAT2273 electrochemical workstation (Prin...

Embodiment 2

[0041]A kind of biphasic electrolyte lithium-silver battery, described battery comprises biphasic electrolyte, positive pole, negative pole and wire; Described biphasic electrolyte is the aqueous solution electrolyte and hydrophobic organic electrolyte that embodiment 1 makes, aqueous solution electrolyte and hydrophobic organic electrolyte The two phases are separated by a diaphragm; the aqueous electrolyte is used for the positive electrode, and the hydrophobic organic electrolyte is used for the negative electrode; the positive electrode is a silver oxide electrode, which is placed in the aqueous electrolyte; the negative electrode is a metal lithium electrode, which is placed in the hydrophobic organic electrolyte. Middle; the external circuit between the positive pole and the negative pole is connected through a wire and an external load, the wire is wrapped with an insulating material, and the metal at both ends of the wire is fixedly connected to the positive pole and the...

Embodiment 3

[0050] The infrared spectrum of the diaphragm was measured by an infrared tester before and after 10 days of treatment in the aqueous electrolyte in Example 1, before and after 10 days of treatment in the hydrophobic organic electrolyte, and before and after 10 days of treatment in the dual-phase electrolyte lithium-silver battery in Example 2 As shown in the figure, the test was carried out on a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS10 (Thermo Fisher Corporation, USA).

[0051] Described infrared spectrogram draws by following method:

[0052] Measure the background infrared spectrum under air conditions, when measuring the infrared spectrum of the membrane before and after treatment, load the background infrared spectrum, at 400 ~ 4000cm -1 Test the infrared spectrum in the wavenumber range, the resolution is 1cm -1 , the obtained infrared spectrum is as Figure 5 shown.

[0053] Figure 5 The horizontal axis in the figure is the wavenumber range of the scan, and the vertical axis...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-phase electrolyte and a lithium-silver battery, belonging to the technical field of chemical power supplies. The dual-phase electrolyte comprises a water solution electrolyte and a hydrophobic organic electrolyte, wherein an organic polymer film of polypropylene, polyethylene or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene is arranged between the two phases of the electrolytes as a diaphragm; and the water solution electrolyte comprises a lithium salt and water, the hydrophobic organic electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, propene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or a mixture thereof, and lithium ions in the electrolytes are 0.5-1mol / L. The battery comprises the dual-phase electrolyte, a silver oxide positive pole arranged in the alkaline water solution electrolyte, a lithium negative pole arranged in the hydrophobic organic electrolyte and a conducting wire. The hydrophobic organic electrolyte in the dual-phase electrolyte has the advantages of high electric conductivity, low diaphragm impedance and good hydrophobicity, flexibility and chemical stability; and the battery has the advantages of steady discharge voltage, high energy density and high power density.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a two-phase electrolyte and a lithium-silver battery, in particular to a two-phase electrolyte comprising an aqueous electrolyte and a hydrophobic organic electrolyte, wherein the two phases of the electrolyte are separated by a diaphragm, and also relates to a The invention discloses a lithium-silver battery with a dual-phase electrolyte, belonging to the technical field of chemical power sources. Background technique [0002] Currently, human energy consumption has reached 14 terawatts (TW), and this figure is expected to soar to about 42TW in 2050, tripling the current level. Among them, petroleum accounts for 34% of the world's main energy consumption and produces 40% of CO 2 emission. Since oil is mainly consumed by automobiles, the electrification of road transportation has become an important issue for energy conservation; among them, the realization of automobile electrification is a key link in the realization of ele...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M12/08
CPCY02E60/128Y02E60/10
Inventor 张存中张栋吴伯荣吴锋穆道斌
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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