Environment-friendly and energy-saving sand mold casting process

Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly and energy-saving sand mold casting process. The process comprises a first step of mixing metal sand and a binder uniformly to prepare metal molding sand; a second step of assembling a sand box and a mold and filling the metal molding sand until the sand box is full; a third step of firstly starting a vibrator to vibrate the sand box, then closing the vibrator and supplying power to an electromagnet so as to generate an electromagnetic force, wherein the electromagnet and the vibrator are arranged out of the sand box, at the same time hardening the metal molding sand to prepare the sand mold, removing the electromagnet or turning off electricity of the electromagnet when the hardening process is finished, pulling out the sand mold and coating high temperature-resistant coating on the surface of the sand mold to obtain the casting mold; and a fourth step of placing the casting mold between two magnetic poles of the electromagnet, turning on electricity for the electromagnet, pouring a metal liquid in the casting mold, forming a casting member when the metal liquid is cured, and performing sand shakeout and shot blasting treatment on the casting member when the casting mold is cooled down. With the process provided by the invention, pollutions to the production environment can be prevented, consumption of mineral resource is prevented, and at the same time, mechanical performance and size precision of the casting member can be increased significantly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an environment-friendly and energy-saving sand casting process, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical casting. Background technique [0002] In the modern machinery industry, casting is inseparable from many fields such as automobiles, mining, metallurgy, aerospace, agricultural machinery, and daily life. Among them, sand casting is currently a widely used casting process, which has the characteristics of wide adaptability, low cost, and mature technology. At present, the sand casting process can be divided into: clay wet sand casting, clay dry sand casting, water glass sand casting, water glass self-hardening sand casting, resin sand casting, etc. [0003] However, sand casting mainly has the following problems: (1) It needs to use a large amount of mineral sand such as quartz sand, limestone sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, etc., which will inevitably cause damage to the natural environment when obtaining these...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, sand casting mainly has the following problems: (1) It needs to use a large amount of mineral sand such as quartz sand, limestone sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, etc., which will inevitably cause damage to the natural environment when obtaining these mineral resources. At the same time, the casting process will produce a lot of waste sand and dust, which will cause environmental pollution

(2) Due to the use of many complex casting machinery and equipment, it not only consumes a lot of power, but also generates high-decibel noise, which deteriorates the production site environment

(3) The thermal conductivity of the sand mold is small, and the heat dissipation conditions are poor, which is easy to cause many defects such as coarse grains, loose structure, sand holes, pores, etc. of the castings, making the mechanical properties of the castings lower

In addition, during the process, the wet sand mold is prone to misalignment when it is opened and closed. At the same time, due to the low strength of the wet mold, it is easy to cause expansion and sand sticking after the molten metal enters the mold, which makes the casting size error larger and the surface Rough; dry sand casting, water glass sand casting, etc., due to the high residual strength of the sand mold, the labor intensity and high dust concentration during casting cleaning will seriously damage the health of operators

[0004] In addition, as far as the applicant knows, during the development of the lost foam casting process, there has been a magnetic casting process using iron shot or steel shot. However, this process requires a very strong electromagnetic field to fix the iron shot or steel shot. Undoubtedly, large electromagnetic pollution will be generated; since magnetic casting has strict requirements on the shape of castings, the adaptability of this process is greatly limited; at the same time, this process is only suitable for lost foam casting and cannot be directly applied to other castings craft

In addition, casting defects such as undercasting, wrinkling, carburization, surface carbon pores and internal black spots and black lines caused by the existence of foam plastic patterns, collapse, breakdown and expansion caused by improper control of magnetic field strength are also frequent. happened

At the same time, the foam plastic pattern of lost foam casting can only be used once, and the foam plastic has low density and low strength, and the pattern is easily deformed, which affects the dimensional accuracy of the casting. The gas generated by the vaporization of the pattern during casting will pollute the environment

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