Silicon-carbon composite material with nano micropores and preparation method as well as application thereof

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and nano-silicon, which is applied in the manufacture of rayon, the chemical post-treatment of synthetic polymer rayon filaments, and the chemical characteristics of fibers, etc., can solve the problem that silicon expansion cannot be completely solved, and the carbon matrix does not really stabilize Structure and other issues, to achieve the effect of improving electrochemical performance, improving lithium storage capacity, and simple preparation process

Active Publication Date: 2013-09-18
深圳石墨烯创新中心有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] After research, the inventor of this patent believes that all silicon-carbon composite materials can not completely solve the problem of silicon expansion during charging and discharging. The key is that the carbon matrix in it does not really play a role in stabilizing the structure; Covering effect to suppress the expansion stress of silicon; but does not provide sufficient buffer space for the expansion of silicon

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite material with nano micropores and preparation method as well as application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0053] Compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0054] Step 1: Preparation of spinning solution. The preparation method and conditions of the spinning solution were the same as the first step in Comparative Example 1, and a mixed solution in which Si was uniformly dispersed in the DMF solution of PAN was obtained.

[0055] The second step: electrospinning to prepare Si-doped PAN nanofibers. Put the mixed solution prepared in the first step into a syringe, extrude the spinning solution at a flow rate of 0.3mL / h, and perform electrospinning under a high-voltage electric field of 18kV. After passing through the air for a certain distance, the spinning solution enters the solidification Cured in a bath to form. The air section distance between the spinneret and the coagulation bath was 3 cm, the coagulation bath was a water bath at room temperature, and the coagulation time was 2 h. The as-spun fibers were vacuum-dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain porous PAN-Si composite nanofibers...

Embodiment 2

[0061] Compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0062] Step 1: Preparation of spinning solution. The preparation method and conditions of the spinning solution were the same as the first step in Example 1, and a mixed solution in which Si was uniformly dispersed in the DMF solution of PAN was obtained.

[0063] The second step: electrospinning to prepare PAN nanofibers doped with Si and PVC. Put the mixed solution prepared in the first step into a syringe, extrude the spinning solution at a flow rate of 0.3mL / h, and perform electrospinning under a high-voltage electric field of 18kV. After passing through the air for a certain distance, the spinning solution enters the solidification Cured in a bath to form. The air section distance between the spinneret and the coagulation bath was 3 cm, the coagulation bath was absolute ethanol at room temperature, the coagulation time was 2 h, and the as-spun fibers were vacuum-dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain porous PAN-Si composite nanof...

Embodiment 3

[0069] Compared with Comparative Example 2.

[0070]Step 1: Preparation of spinning solution. The preparation method and conditions of the spinning solution are the same as the first step in Comparative Example 2.

[0071] The second step: electrospinning to prepare Si-doped PAN nanofibers. The spinning conditions were the same as the second step in Example 1.

[0072] The third step: oxidation treatment of primary nanofibers. The oxidation treatment conditions were the same as the third step in Comparative Example 2.

[0073] The fourth step: carbonization of nanofibrous oxide and formation of nano-silicon-carbon composite material. The carbonization conditions were the same as in the fourth step of Comparative Example 2.

[0074] Step 5: Preparation and electrochemical performance testing of silicon-carbon nanocomposite anode materials. The material preparation and testing methods are the same as the fifth step in Comparative Example 2.

[0075] According to the above...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon-carbon composite material with nano micropores and a preparation method as well as application thereof. The material comprises nano-silicon (Si) particles and a carbon nanofiber matrix, wherein the nano-silicon particles are dispersed in the carbon nanofiber matrix; and nano pores and micropores communicated with the nano pores are distributed in the carbon nanofiber matrix. The method comprises the steps of dissolving the nano-Si particles and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in a solvent to prepare a mixed spinning solution, then carrying out electrostatic spinning on the mixed spinning solution, and curing spinning trickles in a coagulating bath to obtain a porous PAN-Si composite nanofiber; and then carrying out oxidation and carbonization treatment in sequence to obtain the silicon-carbon composite material with a nano micropore structure. The silicon-carbon composite material is applied to preparation of lithium ion battery cathode materials. Compared with the prior art, the silicon-carbon composite material ensures the overall electron transport capacity of the material while reserving buffer space for expansion of the nano-Si particles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nanocomposite material, in particular to a silicon-carbon composite material with nanometer pores and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion battery anode materials are generally carbon materials, such as graphite, needle coke, mesocarbon microspheres, carbon fibers, nano-carbon fibers, etc. At present, the theoretical reversible lithium storage specific capacity of graphite anode materials that have been commercially applied is 372mAh / g. Improving the capacity of lithium-ion batteries mainly depends on the lithium intercalation ability of negative electrode materials. The research and development of high-capacity negative electrode materials has become the key to improving the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The theoretical lithium storage capacity of silicon (Si) material is 4200mAh / g, which is an ideal material for increasing the negative electrode capacity. However, the vo...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D01F9/22D01F1/10D01F11/06D01D5/00H01M4/587
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 李宝华秦显营张浩然杨全红康飞宇
Owner 深圳石墨烯创新中心有限公司
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