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Process to produce biofuel from biomass

A liquid fuel, carbohydrate technology, applied in the field of advanced hydrocarbons, can solve the problem of costly production and net carbon saving

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-10-09
SHELL INT RES MAATSCHAPPIJ BV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Production of some of these fuels also tends to be expensive and problematic in terms of their net carbon savings

Method used

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  • Process to produce biofuel from biomass
  • Process to produce biofuel from biomass
  • Process to produce biofuel from biomass

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0131] Example 1: Hydrogenolysis catalyst poisoning caused by N, S amino acids

[0132] Two Parr 5000 reactors were charged with 20 g of a 50% mixture of glycerol in deionized water and 0.35 g of a 1.9% Pt-Re / zirconia catalyst reduced with hydrogen at 400°C. Glycerol is one of the intermediates derived from monosaccharides or sugar alcohols in hydrogenolysis or hydrodeoxygenation reaction sequences and can react to form monooxygenate intermediates such as acetone, 2-propanol and ethanol. It thus represents a model component for the study of hydrogenolysis and hydrodeoxygenation.

[0133] 0.03 g of N,S aminocysteine ​​was added to Reactor B instead of A. Reactor with 3500kPa of H 2 Pressure was added, then heated to 255°C, maintained for 6.5 hours under conditions corresponding to hydrogenolysis (HG) and hydrodeoxygenation, and then cooled for GC analysis of the product. The results showed that for Reactor A, 84.7% of the glycerol was converted to monooxygenates and other de...

Embodiment 2

[0136] Example 2: Poisoning of Pt / alumina catalysts by N,S amino acids and N-only amino acids

[0137] The experiment of Example 1 was repeated using the 5% Pt / alumina catalyst Escat 2941 (Strem Chemicals). In addition to reactors A (no amino acid) and B (1500 ppm cysteine), a third reactor C was charged with 1500 ppm alanine (N only amino acid). For Reactors A to C, the measured conversions were 56.7%, 42.3% and 45.4%, corresponding to apparent first order rate constants of 10.2, 3.0 and 3.2 / h / weight catalyst. Addition of 1500 ppm of N,S amino acids or N-only amino acids was observed to reduce the rate of hydrogenolysis or hydrodeoxygenation of glycerol by a factor of greater than 3 for the unpromoted Pt / alumina catalyst.

Embodiment 3

[0138] Example 3: Poisoning of Ru catalysts under hydrogenolysis or hydrodeoxygenation conditions

[0139] Example 1A and B were repeated with 5% Ru / C Escat 4401 catalyst (Strem Chemicals, 50% wet) with an initial loading of 6000 kPa H 2 . Reactor A (no amino acid) had a conversion of 56.5%, while Reactor B (1500ppm cysteine) had a conversion of only 9%. The apparent first order rate constant for B (1500 ppm cysteine) is only 1.7 / h / wt catalyst, while the rate constant for Reactor A is 14.7 / h / wt catalyst. This result indicates the poisoning of the Ru-based catalyst by amino acid in the tests carried out under hydrogenolysis or hydrogenolysis conditions.

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PUM

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Abstract

Biofuels can be produced by: (i) providing a biomass containing celluloses, hemicelluloses, lignin, nitrogen compounds and sulfur compounds; (ii) removing sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the biomass by contacting the biomass with a digestive solvent to form a pretreated biomass containing carbohydrates and having less than 35% of the sulfur content and less than 35% of the nitrogen content of untreated biomass on a dry mass basis; (iii) contacting the pretreated biomass directly with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst to form a plurality of oxygenated intermediates, and (vi) processing at least a portion of the oxygenated intermediates to form a liquid fuel.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the production of higher hydrocarbons suitable for transportation fuels and chemical feedstocks from biomass. Background technique [0002] There is a lot of interest in developing new technologies to provide energy from non-fossil fuel sources. Biomass is a resource that shows promise as an alternative to fossil fuels. In contrast to fossil fuels, biomass is also renewable. [0003] Biomass can be used as a renewable fuel source. One type of biomass is plant biomass. Due to the lignocellulosic material that makes up the cell walls in higher plants, plant biomass is the most abundant source of carbohydrates in the world. The plant cell wall is divided into two parts, the primary cell wall and the secondary cell wall. The primary cell wall provides the structure for expanding the cell and is composed of three major polysaccharides (cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose) and a class of glycoproteins. The secondary ce...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10G3/00C08H8/00C10G1/00C07G1/00
CPCC10G2300/1014C07G1/00C10G2300/4081C10G2300/44C10G1/00C10G2300/202C10G45/00Y02E50/10Y02P30/20Y02T50/678
Inventor J·B·鲍威尔J·N·切达
Owner SHELL INT RES MAATSCHAPPIJ BV
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