A microcosmic identification method for the stem strength of cut peony flowers, comprising the following steps: (1) fixing the stems of cut flowers of peony: cutting the stems of cut flowers of peony and fixing them in pentylene glycol + paraformaldehyde solution; (2) adding (3) Observation of the thickness of the secondary cell wall thickened by the xylem; (4) Statistical analysis of the thickened cell layer and the thickness of the secondary cell wall of the xylem secondary wall of the peony cut flower stalk, through which Two indicators were used to identify the stem strength of peony cut flowers. The method adopted in the present invention can be directly observed and identified according to the microstructure, is convenient and simple, has no interference from human factors, and has low error; and is not limited by time, the sample can be preserved and observed for a long time, and repeated measurements can be made, and the method has high feasibility.