The invention discloses a
dendrobium officinale
polysaccharide, a derivative and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of polysaccharides, the preparation method of the
dendrobium officinale
polysaccharide comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining a crude
polysaccharide precipitate; dissolving the crude polysaccharide precipitate with
purified water, and sequentially carrying out deproteinization, decoloration,
desalination and
small molecule removal treatment; removing salt and small molecular impurities, concentrating the purified liquid, and performing freeze-
drying or spray-
drying to obtain parent polysaccharide; 2, the obtained parent polysaccharide is dissolved in a
buffer solution, endo-beta-1, 4-mannanase is added, directional enzymolysis oligomerization of a beta-1, 4-
mannan skeleton is achieved through a reaction,
enzyme activity is terminated after the reaction is finished, insoluble substances are removed after cooling, and enzymatic
hydrolysate is obtained and used for subsequent grading; and step 3, removing suspended impurities from the obtained enzymatic
hydrolysate, sequentially carrying out series separation by using
ultrafiltration membranes or
nanofiltration membranes with molecular weight cutoff of 1kDa, 3kDa and 10kDa, and carrying out post-treatment to obtain the
dendrobium officinale
oligosaccharide product.