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Method for separating and recovering rare earth elements

A rare earth element, separation and recovery technology, applied in the fields of rare earth metal compounds, rare earth metal halides, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of difficult separation and purification of elements, high cost, and time required for practical application, and achieves effective utilization of resources. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-12-11
HITACHI LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] On the other hand, rare earth elements are expensive because they are difficult to separate and refine as individual elements. Therefore, the development of technologies or alternative materials to reduce the amount of use while maintaining the performance of magnets is carefully considered.
However, it will take time for these technologies to be practical

Method used

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  • Method for separating and recovering rare earth elements
  • Method for separating and recovering rare earth elements
  • Method for separating and recovering rare earth elements

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0063] Separation and recovery from rare earth oxide mixtures are considered. As the starting material of rare earth oxides, neodymium oxide (Nd 2 o 3 ) powder with dysprosium oxide (Dy 2 o 3 ) powder, as a starting material for the chlorine source, anhydrous dysprosium chloride (DyCl 3 )powder. For the powdered reagents of the starting materials, all of them were 3N-grade reagents manufactured by High Purity Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd. In the drying chamber, put 2.5mmol (0.84g) of Nd 2 o 3 Powder, 2.5 mmol (0.93 g) of Dy 2 o 3 powder, with 5.0 mmol (1.34 g) of DyCl 3 The powders were weighed and mixed, and charged and sealed in a stainless steel reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere. Sealing was performed by argon welding with a cap on a stainless steel reaction container.

[0064] Put the reaction container sealed with the raw material powder into an electric furnace, heat treatment at 800° C. for 6 hours to allow the chemical reaction to proceed, ...

Embodiment 2

[0068] Separation and recovery from rare earth chloride mixtures are investigated. As the starting material of rare earth chlorides, anhydrous NdCl manufactured by High Purity Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd. is used 3 powder with anhydrous DyCl 3 As the powder, metal Mg powder (particle size: about 0.5 mm, purity: 99.93%) manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as the starting material of magnesium. In the drying room, weigh the NdCl 3 Powder and DyCl 3 Each powder was 2.5 g, 5.0 g of Mg powder was weighed, and it filled in the molybdenum crucible 10. After stirring and mixing these powders with a medicine spoon, 0.2 g of high-temperature-treated graphite powder was separately weighed and put into the crucible 10 so as to coat the previously charged rare earth chloride powder. A desiccator is prepared in advance in the drying chamber, and the crucible filled with the raw material powder is sealed in the desiccator at one time.

[0069] The dryer...

Embodiment 3

[0076] Discussion on rare earth magnets containing neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, iron and boron (RE 2 Fe 14 B) Waste materials, separation and recovery of rare earth elements. The mass composition of the rare earth magnet used is 61.2% Fe-23.1% Nd-3.5% Dy-2.0% Pr-1.0% B. This scrap magnet is a defective product due to cracks, chipping, etc. after electroplating nickel in the manufacturing process.

[0077] First, the scrap magnets were coarsely pulverized by heating at 800° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere using an electric furnace. As mentioned above, nickel electroplating is performed on the scrap magnet, and since the electroplated nickel film can be peeled off through the hydrogen crushing process, the stripped electroplated film is separated from the magnet powder by screening.

[0078] For the obtained magnetite powder, with FeCl as chlorine source 2 The powders are mixed, put into the crucible 10 made of iron, and are arranged in figure 2 Inside the distillation...

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Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method whereby rare earth elements can be separated and recovered at a higher yield than by conventional techniques. The method for separating and recovering rare earth elements, whereby multiple kinds of rare earth elements are separated and recovered, comprises: a step for achieving chemical equilibrium among rare earth halides of rare earth elements of group 1 and rare earth oxyhalides of rare earth elements of group 2, by chemically reacting a mixture, said mixture containing halides of the multiple kinds of rare earth elements, in the presence of an oxygen source, or by chemically reacting a mixture, said mixture containing oxides of the multiple kinds of rare earth elements, in the presence of a halogen source; a step for pouring the rare earth halides and the rare earth oxyhalides into water to selectively dissolve the rare earth halides in water, and thus extracting the rare earth halides into a liquid phase while allowing the rare earth oxyhalides to remain as a solid phase; and a step for subjecting the liquid phase, which contains the rare earth halides extracted therein, and the solid phase of the remaining rare earth oxyhalides to solid / liquid separation to thereby separate the rare earth elements of group 1 from the rare earth elements of group 2.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a technology for separating and recovering rare earth elements, in particular to a method for separating and recovering rare earth elements from a composition containing multiple rare earth elements. Background technique [0002] In recent years, we have recognized the importance of continuous protection of the global environment and concentrated our efforts on the development of industrial systems and transportation systems that use the least amount of fossil fuels. Examples of such environment-friendly systems and products include wind power generation systems, railway systems, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and energy-saving air compressors. [0003] One of the main devices of these environment-friendly systems and products is a high-efficiency rotating electric machine (motor or generator) in which magnets containing rare earth elements (so-called rare earth magnets) are widely used. For example, rare earth magnets us...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B59/00C01F17/00C22B1/04C22B3/04C22B3/44C01F17/259
CPCC22B3/04C22B3/22C22B59/00C01P2002/72Y02P10/20C01F17/259
Inventor 山本浩贵古泽克佳宇田哲也
Owner HITACHI LTD
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