Method for rapidly and mildly extracting heavy metals from cereals

A technology of heavy metals and heavy metal ions, which is applied in the field of chemical separation, can solve the problems of strong corrosive acids and oxidizing reagents, difficulty in adapting to rapid detection, and increased safety hazards for operators, so as to achieve the effect of easy operation

Active Publication Date: 2014-02-12
ACAD OF NAT FOOD & STRATEGIC RESERVES ADMINISTRATION
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

At the same time, these methods generally consume more strong corrosive acids and oxidizing reagents, and require higher temperatures. While increasing the risk of loss and contamination of the samples to be tested, they also increase the safety hazards of the operators. It is difficult to adapt to the current large quantities of samples. Demand for high-throughput green and rapid detection

Method used

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  • Method for rapidly and mildly extracting heavy metals from cereals
  • Method for rapidly and mildly extracting heavy metals from cereals
  • Method for rapidly and mildly extracting heavy metals from cereals

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] A quick and gentle extraction method for lead in grains, the steps are:

[0035] (1) Take 500g each of rice, wheat, and corn. After the rice is hulled, the three raw materials are crushed by a pulverizer to form a powder sample with a particle size of 0.2mm;

[0036] (2) Weigh 0.2g of each sample in (1), add 2% nitric acid 2-5mL, shake vigorously or place it on a vortex for 15min;

[0037] (3) Let stand for 10 minutes, and take the supernatant for testing;

[0038] (4) Graphite furnace atomic absorption detection is used, and lead standard curve drawing and sample detection are carried out according to the heating program in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1 Graphite furnace heating program (lead)

[0040]

[0041] Comparing the detection results with the results obtained by the microwave digestion method showed that there was no significant difference between the two detection results (p<0.1) (see Table 2).

[0042] Table 2 Comparison of lead content detected by this method and microwave ...

Embodiment 2

[0045] A quick and gentle extraction method for cadmium in grains, the steps are:

[0046] (1) Take 500g each of rice, wheat, and corn. After the rice is hulled, the three raw materials are crushed by a pulverizer to prepare a powder sample with a particle size of 0.5mm;

[0047] (2) Weigh 0.2g each of the samples in (1), add 6ml of 2% nitric acid, and shake for 1min;

[0048] (3) Centrifuge the sample in (2) at 12000 rpm for 5 minutes, and take the supernatant for testing;

[0049] (4) Graphite furnace atomic absorption test is used, and the standard curve of cadmium is drawn and the sample is tested according to the heating program in Table 3;

[0050] Table 3 Graphite furnace heating program (cadmium)

[0051]

[0052] Comparing the test results with the microwave digestion samples showed that there was no significant difference between the two test results (p<0.1) (see Table 4).

[0053] Table 4 Comparison of cadmium content detected in this embodiment and microwave digestion

[0054] ...

Embodiment 3

[0056] Cadmium, lead, manganese, copper, zinc, strontium, and arsenic in grains can be quickly and gently extracted and detected at the same time. The steps are:

[0057] (1) Take 500g each of rice, wheat, corn, rice, and flour. The rice is hulled and crushed by a pulverizer to make a powder sample with a particle size of 0.25 mm;

[0058] (2) Weigh 0.2 g of each sample obtained in (1), add 5 mL of 5% nitric acid, mix well and shake;

[0059] (3) Centrifuge the sample obtained in (2) at 12000 rpm for 5 minutes, take the supernatant, and dilute it by 5 times before testing;

[0060] (4) Control group Weigh 0.2g sample into the digestion tube, add 5mL nitric acid and 2mL hydrogen peroxide, and digest according to the microwave digestion method. After digestion, the acid is rushed to near dryness, and the volume is set to 25mL as the control value.

[0061] (5) The supernatant was detected by ICP-MS. ICP-MS instrument parameters are: incident power: 1500V; Torch-H: -0.3mm; Torch-V: -0.4mm...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly and mildly extracting heavy metals from cereals. The method comprises the following steps: crushing a cereal sample, uniformly mixing the cereal sample with dilute acid, and extracting heavy metal ions; after oscillating and whirling, standing or centrifuging, wherein cadmium, lead and other heavy metal elements in the cereal sample are basically transferred to supernatant, and the obtained supernatant is used for detection. The invention finds and reports the method for the first time; compared with the conventional extraction method, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the time consumption is short, a lot of corrosive reagents are not required, a high temperature and a specific instrument are not required, the method can be completed at a room temperature, the operation is simple, and rapidness and practicality are achieved; by the method, the problems of complicated and cumbersome pretreatment, long time consumption, poor environmental protection property, difficult on-site detection and the like, which exist in analysis on harmful elements of food and products of the food for a long time, are solved; in combination with the refined deep processing technology of the cereals, the method also can be used for technologically removing the heavy metals from the cereals with excessive heavy metal pollutants.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical separation, and relates to a rapid, efficient and gentle extraction method for heavy metals such as cadmium and lead in grains. Background technique [0002] At present, there are many laboratory methods for detection of heavy metals in grains, such as atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer, ICP-OES, ICP-MS. In recent years, rapid detection has also attracted the attention of a large number of scholars due to the requirement. Representative methods include enzyme analysis Method, biosensor analysis, X-ray fluorescence method, immunoassay method, looking at the above methods, the later detection has been very mature, and the content of heavy metals in the sample can be determined in a relatively short time. However, traditional sample pretreatment methods, such as dry ashing, wet digestion, microwave digestion, high pressure digestion, etc., require a long processing time...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N1/28
Inventor 王松雪周明慧伍燕湘谢刚张艳张蕊郝希成
Owner ACAD OF NAT FOOD & STRATEGIC RESERVES ADMINISTRATION
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