Arc metal stud welding method and device under friction cleaning and homogenization

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical arc metal stud welding method and an electrical arc metal stud welding device under frictional cleaning homogenization. According to the electrical arc metal stud welding method and the electrical arc metal stud welding device under the frictional cleaning homogenization, a worker preprocesses the end face of a metal stud and the surface of a metal base plate through frictional cleaning, heats a spindle dynamic arc in homogenization mode, and combines cleaning homogenization and upset forging plastic flow deformation of a friction interface together, and accordingly a metal stud welding joint end product which is excellent in performance is obtained. The electrical arc metal stud welding method and the electrical arc metal stud welding device under the frictional cleaning homogenization can achieve welding of thick and large metal sheets and large diameter metal studs, are suitable for welding between a steel, nickel, copper, titanium, aluminum, or magnesium metal stud and a base plate made of metal material as same as or different from the metal stud, and are particularly suitable for welding of metal studs made of fragile conductor material which is difficult to weld and metal studs made of high carbon equivalent steel.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a metal stud welding method, in particular to an arc metal stud welding method and device under friction cleaning and homogenization. Background technique [0002] Metal stud welding refers to a method of welding metal studs or similar metal columns and other fasteners to metal workpieces. As a simple, high-speed, low-consumption, and low-pollution advanced welding technology, metal stud welding is widely used in the fields of vehicles, shipbuilding, boilers, steel structures, construction, electronics, instruments, and medical equipment. According to the classification of the heat source for realizing metal stud welding, metal stud welding can be divided into welding methods such as resistance welding, friction welding, explosive welding and arc welding. According to the classification of power sources for metal stud welding, arc stud welding can be divided into stable arc stud welding (arc stud welding), unstable arc stud we...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them: induction and arc composite heat source stud welding can use induction heating device to coordinate pre-weld preheating, welding, and post-weld annealing to reduce the degree of restraint and prevent cold cracks, but the welding interface is easy to generate a large area The intermetallic compound, the joint toughness is not enough, and it is also prone to defects such as necking, flash, poor fusion, welding deviation, etc., just like arc stud welding.

Induction and friction combined heat source stud welding is a welding method that uses induction heating to heat the workpiece to reduce the required frictional heat generation. However, due to the large area of ​​induction heating and the large heat-affected zone, the welding performance of the workpiece is reduced

Friction and friction composite heat source is a method that uses the outer ring for friction preheating and the inner ring for stud friction welding. This method solves the problem of single friction stud welding system when welding studs while retaining the advantages of solid phase welded joints. The problem of insufficient heat production, but the device is complex and the utilization rate of heat source is low

Resistance and friction composite heat source is a method that uses resistance heat and friction heat to heat joints to achieve welding. Although this method can reduce friction pressure and spindle power, it cannot solve the problem of large diameter studs and thick workpieces. welding

[0004] European Patent Office EP1595635A1 discloses an arc stud welding method. Although the method is simple to implement and can solve the welding problem of small-diameter metal studs with tapered corners, the single arc heat source is heated and the arc heating range is limited. For flat-head studs The arc starting point is not easy to control, and hollow studs cannot start arcs. Therefore, for large-diameter or flat-headed metal studs, the ends are heated unevenly, and the stud root is prone to defects such as poor fusion, so this method cannot solve medium and large diameters or flat-headed or hollow studs. Welding requirements for metal studs and thick metal plates; and for the welding of brittle dissimilar materials, brittle phases such as intermetallic compounds are prone to occur, which seriously affects the quality of the joints, so the welding problem of brittle dissimilar materials cannot be solved

The arc stud welding method produces melting between the stud end surface and the plate surface, and cannot completely extrude the molten metal. If dissimilar materials form brittle intermetallic compounds, it is easy to crack, and it is difficult to realize dissimilar materials such as aluminum studs-steel plates. stud welding

[0005] U.S. Patent US2006086707A1 discloses a method of arc compound friction stir welding, which can only realize the butt welding of plates and plates, but cannot realize the joint form of stud welding; and the arc heat source and friction heat source used are independent heat sources, and the arc only It can be placed before or after the stirring head, and the welding area cannot be heated at the same time, so it is not suitable for stud welding that requires the heat source used to heat the stud end and the corresponding plate position; this method is mainly based on frictional heat source, and the stirring head is only a heating tool , is the friction of the third body, the stirring head itself does not participate in the connection, and is not a part of the joint, while the stud in stud welding participates in the connection, which is actually body friction, so the principle of friction stir welding and stud welding is different, friction stir welding Cannot be applied to the welding of the stud end face and the plate

[0006] Chinese patent 200710092974.7 discloses a conduction-friction stir composite heat source welding method and equipment. Although this method can expand the scope of application of friction stir welding to the welding of structural materials such as ferrous metals and superalloys, it can only achieve welding of butt joints , the joint form of stud welding cannot be realized; this method is mainly based on friction heat source, the stirring head is only a heating tool, which is the third body friction, the stirring head itself does not participate in the connection, it is not a part of the joint, and the stud in stud welding Participating in the connection is body friction, so the principles of friction stir welding and stud welding are different. Friction stir welding cannot be applied to stud welding, let alone welding of large-diameter, brittle and difficult-to-weld conductive metal studs

In this method, if the resistance heating is too strong, the strength of the stirring head will decrease, which will cause damage to the stirring head. Therefore, resistance heating can only be used as a supplementary and auxiliary heat source. studs in column welding

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