Preparation of a fuel cell catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparation of a four-in-one release film, a vacuum magnetron sputtering graphite layer, a vacuum magnetron sputtering noble metal catalyst, a separation carrier film and a crushing carrier film, and carbonization. According to the preparation method of the fuel cell catalyst, graphite and a noble metal catalyst are sputtered to the carrier films through a vacuum sputtering method, so that the adhesion force of platinum metal to graphite carrier particles is increased, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, the activity of the catalyst is improved, the catalysis efficiency is high, the using of fuel cell noble metal is reduced, and the production cost of a fuel cell is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the method is simple in production process, high in production efficiency and suitable for large-batch production of the fuel cell catalyst, and plays an extremely important role in industrialization of the fuel cell.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a method for preparing fuel cell catalysts. Background technique [0002] As a high-efficiency and environment-friendly power generation device, fuel cells have broad application prospects in base station power supplies, small and medium-sized power stations, electric vehicles, backup power supplies, and portable power supplies. Fuel cells can be divided into proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells, alkaline fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, molten salt fuel cells, microbial fuel cells, biofuel cells, etc. A fuel cell is mainly composed of an end plate, a collector plate, a bipolar plate, and a membrane electrode, among which the membrane electrode is the core component of the fuel cell, and the catalyst is the heart of the membrane electrode. At present, relatively mature catalysts are mainly based on carbon powder, loaded with metal platinum. [0...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] (1) The adhesion between metal platinum particles and carbon support will decrease with the use of the battery, which will eventually lead to the occurrence of catalyst agglomeration, resulting in a reduction in the life of the membrane electrode;

[0006] (2) The electrochemical corrosion resistance of the carbon carrier will become weaker and weaker with the use of the battery, and finally the carbon carrier will be electrochemically corroded, resulting in the collapse of the catalytic layer, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the membrane electrode;

[0007] (3) The surface area of ​​the carbon carrier is small, which affects the rate of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, reduces the contact surface between the catalyst platinum atom and hydrogen, cannot improve the catalytic efficiency of metal platinum, and causes waste of precious metal platinum to a certain extent;

[0008] (4) Due to the low efficiency of the catalyst, in order to achieve the required power density, the amount of catalyst will be increased, thereby increasing the thickness of the catalytic layer, increasing the internal resistance of the membrane electrode, reducing the performance of the membrane electrode, and causing The output power of the stack drops

This method improves the stability of the catalyst, but the process is complicated and time-consuming

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