Fermentation device for rapidly composting vegetable wastes and using method of fermentation device

A vegetable waste and fermentation device technology, applied in fertilization device, application, preparation of organic fertilizers, etc., can solve problems such as environmental pollution, waste of resources, long fermentation time, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-06
天津市农业科学院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Planting waste is rich in nutrients, discarded as waste, not only pollutes the environment, but also causes a great waste of resources
[0003] The traditional composting technology has the disadvantages of long fermentation time, incomplete harmlessness, and relatively extensive technology. Therefore, a fermentation device that can quickly decompose vegetable waste is studied to provide accurate data for the rapid and effective treatment of vegetable waste and realize vegetable waste. The purpose of waste reduction, harmlessness and resource

Method used

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  • Fermentation device for rapidly composting vegetable wastes and using method of fermentation device
  • Fermentation device for rapidly composting vegetable wastes and using method of fermentation device
  • Fermentation device for rapidly composting vegetable wastes and using method of fermentation device

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0065] Description of the construction of the device

[0066] combine Figure 1-5 Fig., a fermentation device for rapid decomposing of vegetable waste, characterized in that the device is a hollow cylinder, including a fermentation system, a monitoring system, a steam sterilization system, a ventilation system, a leachate system, a heat preservation system, There are 8 major systems of deodorization system and auxiliary tools; the fermentation system is connected with the monitoring system, and the monitoring system reads, stores, manages and prints data through a microcomputer and a printer.

[0067] The fermentation system includes: fermentation chamber 1, sampling port 2, discharge port 3, inner cylinder 4, outer cylinder 5, insulation layer 6, flange sealing insulation cover 7, feeding port 8, observation lamp 9, perspective hole 10, The moving wheel 27, the fixing nut 28, and various holes for other systems;

[0068] The sampling port is opened in the middle of one si...

Embodiment 2

[0083] How to use the device

[0084] 1. Raw material pretreatment

[0085] According to the principles of dry with wet, hard with soft, carbon with nitrogen, etc., mix all kinds of crushed vegetable waste with other auxiliary materials evenly, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material reaches 25-30:1, and the moisture reaches 55-60%; Among them, vegetable waste refers to various seedlings and tail vegetables produced after vegetable harvesting in vegetable planting and production, such as cucumber seedlings, tomato seedlings, bean seedlings, pepper stalks, eggplant stalks, Chinese cabbage leaves, etc. Other accessories refer to It is chicken manure and mushroom residue; wherein vegetable waste: the ratio of parts by weight of auxiliary materials is 75:25.

[0086] 2. Preparation before loading

[0087] Before charging, some preparations for the fermentation unit are required. First, insert the sealing and insulating plug into the sampling port and the discharge p...

Embodiment 3

[0109] The application effect of the device

[0110] The following is the application test of the fermentation device for rapid decomposing of vegetable waste in improving the degree of decomposing and the number of bacteria, reducing the bacteria and shortening the fermentation time.

[0111] The raw materials are crushed and sun-dried eggplant straws + cucumber seedlings in a weight ratio of 1:3, and the auxiliary materials are chicken manure and mushroom residue in a weight ratio of 1:1. Among them, the weight ratio of vegetable waste: auxiliary material: bacterial strain is 75:25:1, the total water content is 55% to 60%, the volume is 170L, and the room temperature is 21 °C, and four treatments are set.

[0112] Treatment 1: Carry out temperature-controlled and pressure-controlled aerobic fermentation in the inventive device; Treatment 2: Carry out temperature-controlled aerobic fermentation in the inventive device; Treatment 3: Perform natural (uncontrolled temperature-...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation device for rapidly composting vegetable wastes and a using method and effect of the fermentation device. The device is attractive in appearance and practical, is a hollow cylinder and comprises the following eight systems: a fermentation system, a sterilization system, a monitoring system, a ventilation system, a filtrate collection system, a heat insulation system, a deodorization system and a tool system; the device can be used for measuring temperature, humidity, gas and pressure sensing and can also be used for providing timely and comprehensive data for fermentation through combining with sampling analysis; steam sterilization and temperature and pressure control can be realized, the highest fermentation temperature is 45 DEG C, and the pressure is 0.02-0.03MPa; a sampling pipe, a discharging rake and a design that a material is prevented from falling from a fermentation chamber into an air distribution chamber are adopted; the rotten degree and bacterial count increasing, bacterium reducing and period shortening effects obtained by temperature and pressure controlled fermentation adopted by the device are better than those obtained by temperature and pressure uncontrolled fermentation and fermentation in a common plastic barrel with the same volume, the temperature and pressure controlled fermentation time is 10-12d, the temperature and pressure uncontrolled fermentation time is 19d, and the contrast time is 37d; after being treated by using the device, no fusarium wilts of cucumber are detected according to the contrast of 2*10<3>/g.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation treatment of vegetable waste, and relates to a fermentation device and a use method for rapid decomposition of vegetable waste. Background technique [0002] With the increase of facility vegetable planting area in Tianjin, vegetable waste is increasing day by day, and plantation waste has become one of the problems of facility agriculture development and rural ecological environment in our city. Vegetable greenhouses and greenhouses produce a large amount of planting waste such as vegetable residues, weeds, and pulled out diseased plants every year, which are often discarded and piled outside the shed. Vegetable waste has high water content and is easy to rot, which breeds mosquitoes and flies Pests and germs etc. Planting waste is rich in nutrients, and discarded as waste, not only pollutes the environment, but also causes a great waste of resources. [0003] The traditional co...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C05F17/02C05F17/00C05F15/00
CPCY02W30/40
Inventor 何宗均梁海恬赵琳娜李峰
Owner 天津市农业科学院
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