65results about How to "Speed ​​up the ripening process" patented technology

The invention relates to the field of vegetable planting, in particular to a planting method of brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.. The planting method of the brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L. comprises the following steps of A, variety selection; B, seedling growing; C, land preparation and arrangement of moisture in the soil; D, fertilization; E, transplantation and field planting; F, field management; G, insect disease prevention; H, timely harvesting. According to the planting method disclosed by the invention, insect disease can be effectively prevented from happening by selecting a disease-resistant variety and adopting seed sterilization treatment and soil sterilization treatment; seedlings are cultured by using a nutrition dish, the transplantation with soil can be carried out when in transplantation and field planting, the seedling stage can be shortened, and the tidy growth can be facilitated; dedicated organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer of the disease-resistant variety integrates organic and inorganic fertilizers into a whole, the problems of the lack of organic fertilizer and difficult fertilization of the organic fertilizer can be solved, the matching ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is coordinated, and the fertilization efficiency is obvious; composting is carried out by adding a decomposition agent in tobacco powder, and a composting and slaking process of the tobacco powder can be quickened; the whole-life requirement on nutrient of a plant can be met just by carrying out hole fertilization of fertilizer in one time, and the labor is saved.

The invention discloses a crop straw decomposition agent. The crop straw decomposition agent is composed of the following components by mass percent: 20%-30% of bacillus subtilis, 20%-30% of aspergillus niger, 10%-15% of candida utilis, 15%-20% of trichoderma viride, 10%-15% of aspergillus oryzae and 1%-2% of cellulase. In order to solve the problems such that current straws are directly returned to fields, and the temperature rise is slow, the decomposition is slow and the decomposition effect is poor when the straws are used for composting an organic fertilizer, crop straw decomposition is tested for a plurality of years, microorganism strains and biological enzyme preparations are continuously screened, and finally, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger, the candida utilis, the trichoderma viride, the aspergillus oryzae and the cellulase are prepared into the crop straw decomposition agent according to the scheme. The four fungi are not antagonistic and combined with the cellulase to have a synergistic interaction effect and the straws can be rapidly decomposed.

The invention discloses a high-temperature cellulose degradation bacterium and the application thereof. The high-temperature resistant cellulose degradation bacterium provided by the invention can grow within a temperature range of 60-80 DEG C and grows fastest at 70 DEG C. The cellulose degradation bacterium which has a stable cellulose degradation function can faster adapt to high-temperature compost environment, can fast degrade organic compounds which are difficult to degrade, such as cellulose and the like, and can accelerate the process that compost becomes thoroughly decomposed. Solid-state microbial inoculum which is prepared by bacterial strains is used to compost garden waste, and compared with nonvaccinated cellulose, the total degradation rate is increased by 42.2%. The cellulose degradation bacterium has the advantages of low cost, good performance and the like.

The invention relates to a rural solid waste mixed aerobic composting method, which comprises the following main steps: A) cutting straws to make the straws have the length of 5 to 10cm, spraying compound bacteria on a straw stack, simultaneously adjusting the moisture content of the straws to between 50 and 55 percent with percolate generated in a step B of the previous composting process, and naturally ventilating and fermenting for 10 to 15 days, wherein the spraying amount of the compound bacteria meets the condition that the ratio of the bacteria volume to the dry weight of the straws is 4 to 5mL/kg; B) mixing degradable organic matters sorted from domestic garbage and the pre-fermented straws in the step A, respectively adjusting the initial moisture content and C/N to between 50 and 65 percent and between 22 and 35 after the mixing, performing the first composting for 3 to 5 days, and introducing tail gas generated in the step into the stack of a step C; C) mixing the compost in the step B and livestock manures, adjusting the initial moisture content to between 50 and 60 percent after mixing, and performing the secondary composting for 3 to 5 days; and D) performing the composting on the compost of the step C for the third time for 5 to 7 days, and adjusting the moisture content of the stack with percolate generated in the step C to maintain the moisture content of the compost between 45 and 50 percent.

The invention provides a liquid straw decomposition agent, and contains main active microbes as follows: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the two active microbes are mutually cooperated without antagonistic action, wherein, the effective bacteria number is 2-5 hundred million/ml, the number of effective live bacteria accounts for 50-60% of the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the number of effective live bacteria accounts for 40-50% of the number of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are treated by the following steps: (1) test tube bacterial strain slang culture; (2) shake flask and activation culture; (3) first grade seeding tank fermentation; (4) fermentation tank fermentation; the fermentation liquors of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are obtained, and the fermentation liquors are mixed and compounded according to the volume ratio, and the liquid straw decomposition agent is obtained, wherein, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor accounts for 50-60% and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor accounts for 40-50%. The liquid straw decomposition agent provided by the invention is suitable for rapid decomposition of wheat, paddy rice and other crop straw.

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant composting fermentation microbial inoculum with a deodorizing function and applications of the low-temperature-resistant composting fermentation microbial inoculum. The microbial flora contained in the low-temperature-resistant composting fermentation microbial inoculum provided by the invention can tolerate low temperature, and can normally grow at 15-20 DEG C, so that the fermentation air temperature of organic materials in the low-temperature environment is facilitated, in addition, the strains have the mutual promotion effects, therefore, a mutual synergistic effect is generated, and further, decomposing is accelerated. The experiment proves that during the composting process, after the low-temperature-resistant composting fermentation microbial inoculum is added into the organic materials for fermentation, the sum of effective microbes at the composting initial stage is improved, the temperature increase rate of the composted materials is accelerated, the anaerobic fermentation time is shortened, the decomposing process is accelerated, meanwhile, the discharge of sulfur-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds is reduced, the physicochemical properties of the fermentation products are optimized, and in addition, the low-temperature-resistant composting fermentation microbial inoculum has a certain deodorizing function.

The invention relates to a novel method for rapid composting by combining sludge of different types. The method is realized by three main steps, namely mixed blending, aerobic fermentation and discharging and storing. According to the method, the aerobic composting is realized by combining sludge from urban sewage treatment plants, sludge from wastewater treatment plants of beer enterprises and furfural residue discharged by furfural enterprises and particularly parameters of initial composting are adjusted by using the characteristics of different sludge and acidic furfural residue. The novel method has the advantages of reducing the ecological environment risk, increasing nutritive substances of composting products, reducing the cost of the composting, realizing rapid composting without adding extra microbe consortium and the like.

The invention relates to a method for improving degradation and aerobic composting of cow dung with earthworms and belongs to the field of agricultural techniques. The invention is characterized in that: the cow dung with a water content of 50% to 70% is collected after high-temperature fermentation stage and fed into a modified composting pond; the body of the composting pond is full of cow dung and the height of the cow dung pile is 0.4 m; 8000 to 15000 Daping No.2 earthworms are inoculated into the pond, and rice straws are coated on the surface of the pile after all the earthworms go into the pile and watered thoroughly; pile samples are collected for pH measurement during the culture process, and the range of pH suitable for earthworm growth is 6.5 to 8.5; after the inoculation is completed, the water is applied for 2 to 3 times every day to wet the rice straw coating, and the water content is controlled about 60% to about 70%; chickens are raised in chicken cages after the earthworms reproduce to a certain breeding amount; the reproduced earthworms are taken out of the pond and dried and pulverized to make fish feeds; the manures of the chickens and the manures of the earthworms are directly fed into the composting pond for composting, to increase the composting effect; and the reproduced earthworms are directly used to feed the chickens. Therefore, a complete agricultural ecological chain is formed.

The invention relates to the technical field of function microbial screening and application, and particularly provides a biological decomposition agent and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the biological decomposition agent, by means of the cooperative promoting function of heat-resisting lactobacillus plantarum CCTCC NO:M2019401 and multiple kinds of microorganisms, thecompost temperature can be effectively improved, the high temperature period can be prolonged, the composting time can be shortened, and wide application prospects are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for treating garden wastes by utilizing earthworms and a prepared plant culture substrate. The method comprises the steps of carrying out aerobic composting treatment and earthworm composting treatment on the garden wastes in sequence. The garden wastes are composed through utilizing the composting treatment and a composted product is formed, so that resource utilization of the garden wastes is promoted. According to the method disclosed by the invention, in a garden waste composting process, the degradation speed of the garden wastes can be improved, and the growth speed and reproduction speed of the earthworms can also be improved; a composted product obtained by the method for treating the garden wastes, provided by the invention, has balanced nutrients, high nutrient components, a reasonable structure and stable physical properties; the composted product is prepared into a flower plant culture substrate, and the survival rate and ornamental effect of flower plant cultivation can be improved.

The invention discloses a plant organic matter-bacillus subtils mixed inoculum and its preparation method and use. The preparation method comprises that one or more of plant organic matters of azadirachta residue, tea cake and palm kernel meal as bacillus subtils HN09 medium main raw materials and an inoculums adsorption carrier are subjected to two-step fermentation decomposition so that the plant organic matter-bacillus subtils mixed inoculum is obtained. Active components of the plant organic matter-bacillus subtils mixed inoculum comprise the plant organic matters, bacillus subtils HN09 and fermentation metabolite of the bacillus subtils HN09. The bacillus subtils HN09 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC) on April 26, 2013 and has a preservation number of CGMCC NO. 7524. The bacillus subtils HN09 and the plant organic matter-bacillus subtils mixed inoculum can be used for preventing and controlling plant diseases and soil insects, can promote plant growth and nitrogen absorption of plants, have important meaning for enlarging an insect disease prevention and control scope and promoting agricultural waste recycle and have a wide application prospect in production practice.

The invention relates to phosphate-dissolving fungus and preparation of a decomposition agent by using the phosphate-dissolving fungus, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural waste resource comprehensive utilization, wherein the prepared decomposition agent can be used for biological phosphorus fertilizer prodution and mushroom cultivation. According to the present invention, the microorganism is a AspergillusnigerMZ strain, the strain is preserved in the China general microbiological culture collection center on April 12, 2013 and has the preservation number of CGMCC No.7464, and the ITS4 gene sequence (the sequence number of the ITS4 gene sequence in the GeneBank database is HQ850370) of the MZ strain is the main feature basis for identifying the strain; with the decomposition agent prepared by using the MZ strain, straws of corn, rice, wheat and other crops can be subjected to complete decomposition within 21 days through a composting fermentation method so as to convert into the biological phosphorus fertilizer; and the decomposition agent prepared by using the MZ strain can further be used for rapid decomposition of agaricus bisporus, volvariella volvacea and other cultivation materials and increase of mushroom yield.

The invention provides a method for increasing the humic acid content of organic solid waste compost by using a sustainable catalytic material, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and recycling. The method comprises the following steps: crushing organic solid wastes, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content; composting the compost raw material, and adding a catalytic material to obtain a compost product, wherein the catalytic material comprises manganese dioxide, ferrous oxide, biochar, modified biochar and/or a manganese dioxide and biochar combined modified material. The catalytic material has the effect of catalyzing humic acid precursor compounds including polyphenols, quinones, organic acids and other small molecular compounds to form humic acid through chemical reaction condensation, so that the content of humic acid in compost fermentation is increased. The catalytic material is further fired and molded for composting, so that the humic acid content is favorably improved, and the cyclic utilization of the catalytic material is realized.

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant cellulose degradation bacterium which is a streptomyces thermovulgaris. The preservation number of the cellulose degradation bacterium is CGMCC No.12137. The bacterium is capable of producing a large quantity of enzymes at the high temperature of 40-70 DEG C; the cellulase of the bacterium is high in activity and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and efficient degradation of cellulose; the bacterium can be used as a microbial agent, can be applied to a high-temperature composting system, and is suitable for composting the garden wastes.

The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to an odor self-regulation composting system and process. The system comprises a composting fermentation system and a composting aging system; the composting fermentation system is a composting closed space formed by a composting chamber, and the composting aging system is an aging closed space formed by an aging chamber; a plurality of aeration openings are formed in the bottom end of the composting chamber and are communicated with the ageing closed space through pipelines; a plurality of aeration openings are formed in the bottom end of the aging chamber and are communicated with the compost closed space through pipelines. The process comprises the following steps: pretreating the kitchen waste; carrying out the aerobic composting in the composting chamber, and carrying out the decomposition and aging in the aging chamber; in the composting fermentation period, conveying odor generated in the composting chamber into the composting materials in the aging chamber, and degrading and purifying the odor; conveying the odor at the upper part of the aging chamber to a composting chamber, and adjusting the C/N and pH value of the composting material. The odor self-regulation can be realized, the nitrogen loss in the composting process is less, and the nitrogen in the composting product is increased.