62results about How to "Improve compost quality" patented technology

The invention provides a composting method for biologically dehydrating livestock manure, which comprises the following steps: under the condition of adding biological fermentation strains, horizontally laying the livestock manure, adding fly maggots for fermenting, and then, adding the livestock manure and biological fermentation strains in batches, wherein the fermentation period is 3-7 days, and the fermentation condition is 22-42 DEG C. The invention also provides a composting method for biologically dehydrating the livestock manure, which comprises the following steps: under the condition of adding the biological fermentation strains, horizontally laying the livestock manure, and then, adding the fly maggots for fermenting, wherein the fermentation period is 7-12 days, and the fermentation condition is 10-22 DEG C. The invention reduces the initial water content of livestock manure composting by microbiological synergistic action, fully performs the action of composting fermentation strains, does not need to add auxiliary materials for regulating the water content of the livestock manure, reduces the treatment cost of the livestock manure, and improves the composting quality. Meanwhile, the culture of fly maggots provides a large amount of high-quality feed protein and raw materials for further processing to better recycle organic wastes, thereby realizing the purposes of protecting environment and increasing efficiency and yield agriculturally.

The invention discloses a soilless plant cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the cultivation substrate disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing agricultural and forestry waste, water, a fermentation catalyst, a fermentation fungicide, bamboo vinegar and/or pyroligneous liquor to carry out fermentation treatment for the first time to prepare a first fermentation substrate; and then, adding the fermentation catalyst, the water, the bamboo vinegar and/or the pyroligneous liquor into the first fermentation substrate to carry out fermentation treatment for the second time to obtain the soilless plant cultivation substrate, wherein the fermentation catalyst comprises rhamnolipid. The plant cultivation substrate prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrition, high in nutritional ingredient content, reasonable in structure, stable in physical property and convenient for being absorbed by plants, satisfies plant growth needs, improves survival rate for plant cultivation and ornamental effect.

A method of preparing a plant cultivation medium by utilizing agriculture and forestry waste and the prepared cultivation medium are disclosed. The method includes 1) spraying the agriculture and forestry waste with water to adjust the water content of the agriculture and forestry waste, and 2) adding a fermentation catalyst, a microbe agent and brown sugar into the agriculture and forestry waste, fully stirring and fermenting. The plant cultivation medium is balanced in nutrition, high in nutrient contents, reasonable in structure, stable in physical properties, and convenient for plant absorption, meets plant growth needs and increases the survival rate of plant cultivation and ornamental effects.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a microbial inoculum and an in-situ decomposing method and structure by heaping whole corn stalks. The high-temperature spore fiber degrading bacteria is taken as a corn stalk composting strain. The method comprises the steps of: heaping whole plant corn stalks with corn removed in a flat area in a corn planting filed in a horizontal and vertical alternating manner, wherein the total height of corn stalk heap is 150cm-180cm; pressing and compacting corn stalks tightly and spreading uniformly the stain and urea on the surface of the corn stalks during the heating process when the thickness of a corn stalk heat reaches up to 25cm-35cm, wherein the use amount of the stain and urea account for 0.1%-0.3% and 1.5% and 3% of weight of the corn stalks, respectively and the weight of each corn stalk heap is not less than 1000kg; covering the stacked corn stalks with agricultural membrane, then compacting the top of each corn stalk heap tightly with stone and forming holes in the agricultural membrane at the position under the stone so as to supply water through rainwater; and composting for 90 to 120 days. By the method, the mineralization and humification of organic matters can be promoted, decomposition of corn stalks is accelerated and compost quality is improved.

The invention discloses a heavy metal passivation method in a pig manure aerobic fermentation process. The method includes: evenly mixing pig manure, a conditioning agent and a passivation agent according to a certain proportion, and placing the mixture in a fermentation tank, wherein the water content of the mixture can be 60-70%, and the carbon nitrogen ratio of the mixture can be 25-30; performing primary fermentation under a ventilation condition for a certain period of time; adding a certain quantity of passivation agent into the primary fermentation product, and using natural ventilationand turning to perform aerobic fermentation for a certain period of time. The heavy metal passivation method has the advantages that village and town organic waste such as the pig manure and straw isused as the raw materials to perform aerobic fermentation, technical guidance is provided for the heavy metal passivation in livestock and poultry manure, and heavy metal passivation is accelerated;the domestic waste generated by a large number of villages and towns can be utilized, high-quality organic fertilizer is provided for agricultural production, and agricultural comprehensive benefits are increased.

The invention relates to a method for improving degradation and aerobic composting of cow dung with earthworms and belongs to the field of agricultural techniques. The invention is characterized in that: the cow dung with a water content of 50% to 70% is collected after high-temperature fermentation stage and fed into a modified composting pond; the body of the composting pond is full of cow dung and the height of the cow dung pile is 0.4 m; 8000 to 15000 Daping No.2 earthworms are inoculated into the pond, and rice straws are coated on the surface of the pile after all the earthworms go into the pile and watered thoroughly; pile samples are collected for pH measurement during the culture process, and the range of pH suitable for earthworm growth is 6.5 to 8.5; after the inoculation is completed, the water is applied for 2 to 3 times every day to wet the rice straw coating, and the water content is controlled about 60% to about 70%; chickens are raised in chicken cages after the earthworms reproduce to a certain breeding amount; the reproduced earthworms are taken out of the pond and dried and pulverized to make fish feeds; the manures of the chickens and the manures of the earthworms are directly fed into the composting pond for composting, to increase the composting effect; and the reproduced earthworms are directly used to feed the chickens. Therefore, a complete agricultural ecological chain is formed.

The invention discloses a kitchen garbage composting conditioner and a kitchen garbage treatment method. The kitchen garbage composting conditioner comprises 79-92 parts of a thoroughly decomposed substrate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5-9 parts of a desulfurized gypsum powder and 5-15 parts of a neutral and/or alkaline pH regulator, wherein the thoroughly decomposed substrate is obtained by mixing spent bleaching clay, agricultural and forestry wastes, a composite microbial inoculum and a surfactant according to a weight ratio of (55-90): (67-90): (0.01-0.25): (0.01-0.05), composting and fermenting; the composite microbial inoculum is formed through the combination of bacillus coagulans and bacillus subtilis according to a mass ratio of 0.6-0.8: 1. When the composting conditioner is applied to kitchen garbage composting treatment, the situation that odor is produced during the kitchen garbage composting treatment can be significantly improved, the composting speed rate is increased, and the compost quality is improved; a compost product is suitable for being used as an organic fertilizer or a soil improver, so that resource recycling is achieved.

The invention discloses a three-stage inoculation process and microbial agents for composting a lignocellulose raw material. In three-stage inoculation, the microbial agents are a high temperature agent, a lignocellulose degrading agent and a cellulose degrading agent, the conventional one-time addition of the agents is changed into three-time addition, the high temperature agent is added in the early stage of piling to ensure that a pile body is subjected to high temperature and the influence of the high temperature on the lignocellulose degrading agent is avoided; the lignocellulose degrading agent is added in the later stage of high temperature and effectively degrades lignocellulose, and the lignocellulose is prevented from resisting cellulose degradation; and the cellulose degrading agent is added in the later stage of the action of the lignocellulose degrading agent to degrade cellulose. In the new three-stage composting fermentation inoculation process, the effects of the high temperature agent, the lignocellulose degrading agent and the cellulose degrading agent can be fully achieved, the composting efficiency is improved, the composting quality is improved, the composting period is shortened, and the process is a new process for composting the lignocellulose raw material.

The invention relates to a nicotine-degrading bacterium and an application thereof. The nicotine-degrading bacterium is characterized in that the bacterium is named as Arthrobacter histidinolovorans EA-17 according to taxonomy and was collected in China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 15, 2013, and the collection number is CCTCC No. M2013405. A strain is fermented by a 2M3 fermentation tank for production, then mixed with a self-made decomposition agent according to the mass ratio of 1:10, further inoculated into a tobacco straw compost according to the inoculation amount of 1% and fermented for 30-45d, and then straw can be decomposed; compared with traditional compost fermentation, the nicotine degradation rate is improved by 60%-78%, the total nitrogen content is increased by 7%-9%, the total phosphorus content is increased by 0.3%-0.6%, and the total potassium content is increased by 6%-8%.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of organic fertilizers, and particularly discloses an organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. According to theorganic fertilizer and the preparation method, grape branches, fruit stems, peel dregs and sludge in wastewater of a wine factory are composted through a composite microorganism strain and through a manner of two times of fermentation to obtain the organic fertilizer. Environment pollution caused by branches, sludge and other wastes is solved, effective utilization of wastes is achieved, and the prepared organic fertilizer can increase organic matters in soil, improve physical and chemical properties of soil, is particularly suitable for use as an organic fertilizer in grape plantation, and isof great significance for reduction, recycling and reutilization in grape industry recycling economy.

The invention discloses a preparation method and applications of a fungus chaff compost inoculum. The compost inoculum provided by the invention contains the active ingredients including bacillus subtilis, brevibacillus thermoruber, brevibacillus reuszeri and brevibacillus laterosporus at the CFU ratio being (1-2) to (1-2) to (1-2). For the inoculum provided by the invention, the bacterial strains rapidly proliferate together under the micro-oxygen condition, so that lignocellulose is efficiently decomposed. For the inoculum, the preparation process is simple, the decomposition function is stable, and the expiration date is long. In the embodiment, for an inoculum group in which the inoculum is fed, compared with a control group in which the inoculum is not added, the composting time is shortened by 6 days, the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are improved by 5.69%, 6.70% and 4.57% respectively, the loss ratio of total nitrogen is reduced by 9.44%, the content of humus is improved by 13.51%, and the germination index of seeds is improved by 8%. The experiment proves that when the inoculum is adopted for fermenting fungus chaff compost, the abundant ventilation is not needed, therefore, energies are saved, meanwhile, the nitrogen loss can be reduced, the compost maturity can be promoted, and the compost quality can be improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing sludge-based biochar mixed with a pig manure compost material. The method for preparing the sludge-based biochar mixed with the pig manure compost material comprises the steps that municipal sludge is first concentrated, hardened and tempered, dehydrated, and mixed with ultra-high temperature compost compound bacteria to prepare a semi-finished compost; municipal sludge is taken for being subjected to natural air-drying, drying, and crushing and then put into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to obtain sludge pyrolysis powder, then the sludge pyrolysis powder is soaked with hydrochloric acid and then soaked and washed with deionized water for 20 min, the mixture is filtered and then dried to prepare the sludge-based biochar; and dried and crushed pig manure, the semi-finished compost and the sludge-based biochar are mixed according to the ratio of 4 to (10 to16) to1 in parts by weight, the moisture content is adjusted between 45% and 60%for secondary composting, and the sludge-based biochar mixed with the pig manure compost material with effective reduction of antibiotic content is obtained. The antibiotic content in pig manure can be effectively reduced; the total amount of antibiotic in the pig manure is nearly 700 mg/kg and is effectively reduced to 25 mg/kg or less, and the concept of "using waste to treat waste" is achieved.

The invention discloses a deodorization, oxygen supply, heat collection and thermal insulation system for totally-enclosed sludge roller fertilizer making equipment. The deodorization, oxygen supply, heat collection and thermal insulation system is characterized by comprising an air inlet electric valve, an oxygen supply fan, a central controller, a cyclone deduster, a biological deodorizer, a temperature sensing probe, an oxygen concentration sensing probe, a sludge fermentation roller variable-frequency transmission motor, and a solar fermentation shed, wherein a signal receiving end of the central controller wireless receives monitoring data of the temperature sensing probe and the oxygen concentration sensing probe; and a control signal output end of the central controller is connected with the air inlet electric valve, a discharge electric valve, the oxygen supply fan and the variable-frequency transmission motor of a sludge roller fermentation device. The environment-friendly control of the sludge roller fermentation device is organically combined with process factors such as temperature control, oxygen supply, drying, heat absorption, thermal insulation and the like, odor and dust pollution generated in the sludge composting fermentation process are obviously reduced, work efficiency is improved and the system has high practicability and great marketing value.

The invention discloses an efficient aerobic composting technology for kitchen garbage. The process consists of: 1) starting air blasting equipment; 2) laying a conditioner in a composting groove; 3) dumping the kitchen garbage on the conditioner, then laying a layer of conditioner on the kitchen garbage, then dumping kitchen garbage on the well laid conditioner, and mixing the substances uniformly to obtain a mixed material; 4) piling the mixed material into a strip heap; 5) piling up the whole composting groove with the material, and performing covering with an odor depression and vapor-permeable membrane; 6) conducting intermittent air blast primary fermentation for 20-30d to obtain a fermentation residue; and 7) transferring the fermentation residue to another groove, repeating the step 4) and step 5), and carrying out intermittent air blast secondary fermentation for 7-14d, thus obtaining a product. The efficient aerobic composting technology for kitchen garbage provided by the invention adopts heap building in the composting groove, reduces the diffusion of odor in the kitchen garbage transportation process, at the same time employs intermittent air blast, can reduce pile turning and ensure aerobic fermentation within the pile, reduces odor generation, and the obtained compost has high quality.

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-ecological preparations, and especially relates to a microecological preparation for chicken manure high-temperature decomposition and deodorization, and a preparation method thereof. The microecological preparation for chicken manure high-temperature decomposition deodorization is prepared from combined microbial powder, starch and auxiliary materials, and the combined microbial powder comprises bacillus, saccharomycetes and mould. The microecological preparation comprises saccharomycetes capable of promoting early-stage temperature rise, aspergillus capable of generating different functions of amylase, protease and lipase, and bacillus capable of tolerating high temperatures of different degrees. By decomposing protein and fat in chicken manure in the process of rapidly heating to a high temperature, the fermentation is synergistically promoted, the temperature rise is accelerated, the chicken manure is quickly decomposed, and the deodorization emission is reduced. The high-temperature strains with different tolerance degrees can ensure that the decomposition reaches enough high temperature and completion degree, and the effect of improving the composting quality is achieved.

The invention provides a method for reducing methane gas emission in a cow dung composting process, and relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure fermentation. According to the invention, cow dung and crop straw are used as basic materials, and highland barley straw biochar and/or wheat straw biochar are/is added for aerobic fermentation. The highland barley and wheat straw biochar is used as a conditioner for aerobic composting, so that the stacking density of a compost body is reduced, the air permeability is increased, the compost quality is improved, and the composting process is accelerated; and emission of methane can be reduced to a certain extent, the life activity of beneficial microorganisms is enhanced, and the compost maturity is accelerated.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic medium for greening mainly through bamboo waste, relates to a method for preparing the organic medium through a microbial technology by main utilizing waste of bamboo and bamboo processed products, and belongs to the technical field of garden greening and agriculture. A certain proportion of green plants or fruit tree waste or straw is allowed to be added, and after crushing is conducted, a certain proportion of soil humic acid and livestock manure such as cow dung, sheep manure, chicken manure and pig manure and a certain weight of compost fermenting bacteria, bacterial fermentation broth and urea are added. composting and decomposing are conducted, a compost product with the water content being less than 38% is obtained, and packing is conducted after drying and molding. The total nutrient and organic matter indicators of the product conform to national forestry standard 'Organic medium for Greening' (LY/T1970-2011) promulgated in 2011. The method has the advantages that the local bamboo waste is fully utilized, and by means of the fermentation technology, the organic matter content is close to the perennial natural decomposed peat/turf and then replaces the natural peat/turf; the economic and social benefits are obvious.

The invention discloses a harmless pig manure treatment method. The harmless pig manure treatment method comprises the steps of mixing pig manure, corn straw and rice straw powder according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a mixed material; controlling the moisture content of the mixed material to be 60%-70% according to a mass ratio to obtain an initial material, and adding microbial flora and acomposting primer according to a certain ratio, wherein the microbial flora comprises one or more of bacillus, actinomycetes, yeast and filamentous fungi; and conducting aerobic fermentation on the initial material, which is subjected to composting, under a condition of heat preservation until a C/N value of the initial material decreases to 12-18 and the moisture content is 24%-30%. Rice straw and the fresh pig manure are used as raw materials, an aerobic composting technology is adopted for conducting harmless treatment on the pig manure, through the microbial flora, a composting system isheated fast, and the harmless pig manure treatment method benefits shortening of composting time, reduction of the content of refractory substances in organic materials and improvement of the composting quality.