High-energy beam-ultrasonic composite additive manufacturing method for metal materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-energy beam-ultrasonic composite additive manufacturing method for metal materials and belongs to the field of additive manufacturing (3D printing) of metal materials. The method comprises the steps that based on the technical principle of layer-by-layer accumulation of additive manufacturing, metal forming materials are melted through high-energy beams; after the metal forming materials are melted / solidified layer by layer to accumulate to a certain number of layers, the solidified layers are subjected to ultrasonic peening to have compressive plastic deformation, so the internal stress and the internal defects of formed parts are eliminated, and crystalline grains are refined; afterwards, the process of layer-by-layer melting / solidifying accumulation and the process of ultrasonic peening are continued until the whole forming process of metal members is completed. According to the method, real-time layer-by-layer treatment is performed on the solidified layers through ultrasonic peening, so the internal stress and the internal defects can be effectively reduced or eliminated, the crystalline grains can be refined, and the mechanical property of the metal members through additive manufacturing can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal material additive manufacturing (3D printing), in particular to a metal material high energy beam-ultrasonic composite additive manufacturing method. Background technique [0002] Additive manufacturing technology is a near-net shape manufacturing technology that uses high-energy beams to melt / solidify metal materials (powder, wire or plate) layer by layer according to the CAD model under computer control, and directly accumulates metal components layer by layer from a three-dimensional model. . Compared with traditional manufacturing methods, it does not require molds, has a short production cycle, high material utilization rate, and can be formed. Traditional methods cannot manufacture complex / ultra-complex structural parts. It has huge development potential and broad application prospects, so it has attracted much attention in recent years. . [0003] However, the melting and additive manufacturing of me...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, the melting and additive manufacturing of metal materials is very difficult. There are three main problems that have restricted the development and application of this technology.

First, the problem of internal stress

The thermal stress, tissue stress and solidification shrinkage stress in the metal melting additive manufacturing process cause huge internal stress in the structural parts, which makes the structural parts easy to warp, deform or even crack

Second, metallurgical defects

During the melting / solidification process of additive manufacturing, internal defects such as pores and lack of fusion are prone to occur, resulting in poor key mechanical properties such as fatigue properties of components

Third, the problem of coarse grain

However, there are certain limitations in post-processing, such as the inability to prevent deformation and cracking of parts during additive manufacturing, the inability to refine grains, the expensive hot isostatic pressing equipment, and some metallurgical defects remaining after processing

In addition, the small part size that HIP equipment can handle limits the application of high-energy beam additive manufacturing of large metal components

Therefore, post-processing is still unable to solve the three major bottlenecks in the additive manufacturing of metal components, and it is urgent to develop new methods

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