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Method of separating chlorine-containing plastics from waste mixed plastics

A technology of mixing plastics and chlorine plastics, applied in solid separation, plastic recycling, flotation, etc., can solve the problems of organic solvent toxicity, high cost of selective solvents, limitations of flotation and separation of mixed plastics, etc., to meet industrial application, good Economic feasibility and low cost effect

Active Publication Date: 2015-05-06
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Selective solvents are expensive and organic solvents are very toxic
At present, flotation can achieve good advantages for mixed plastics with similar densities, but most of the plastics have similar hydrophobic properties, which limits the application of flotation to separate mixed plastics

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0039] Add PVC and PET mixed plastic to tap water containing a small amount of sodium hydroxide for cleaning, and then use a plastic crusher to crush it. During the mechanical crushing process, add an appropriate amount of water to the crusher to ensure that the temperature of the plastic is lower than 40 ° C. Take 3.2-4.0 20g of plastic particles with a particle size of mm (the mass ratio of PVC and PET is 1:1), added to 30mL of hydrogen peroxide solution, ultrasonically treated at a temperature of 70°C for 45min (ultrasonic power of 100kW), filtered and cleaned, Carry out flotation, the flotation conditions are: 200mg / L terpineol, flotation 4min. After separation, the purities of PVC and PET were 95.26% and 94.77%, respectively, and the recovery rate was greater than 94%.

Embodiment 2

[0041] Add PVC and PET mixed plastics to tap water containing a small amount of sodium hydroxide to wash, then freeze at -10°C, and use a plastic crusher for conventional crushing, take 20g of plastic particles with a particle size of 3.2-4.0mm (PVC and PET The mass ratio is 2:1), added to 60mL of calcium hypochlorite solution with a mass concentration of 2.5%, ultrasonically treated for 40min at a temperature of 60°C (ultrasonic power is 100kW), filtered and cleaned, and then floated. The selection conditions are: 100mg / L alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, flotation for 4min. After separation, the purity of PVC and PET exceeds 92%, and the recovery rate exceeds 93%.

Embodiment 3

[0043]Add PVC and PS mixed plastic to tap water containing a small amount of sodium hydroxide for cleaning, and then use a plastic crusher to crush it. During the mechanical crushing process, add an appropriate amount of water to the crusher to ensure that the temperature of the plastic is lower than 40°C. Take 2.5-3.2 20g of plastic particles with a particle size of mm (the mass ratio of PVC and PS is 1:1), added to 200mL of potassium permanganate solution with a substance concentration of 1.25mM, and stirred at a temperature of 50°C for 80min (stirring speed 400r / min), filter and wash and carry out flotation, the flotation conditions are: 200mg / L methyl isobutyl carbinol, flotation 2min. The purities of PVC and PS after separation were 97.17% and 94.28%, respectively, and the recovery rate was over 90%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method of separating chlorine-containing plastics from waste mixed plastics. The method comprises the following steps: crushing at least one kind of chlorine-containing plastics and at least one kind of plastic without containing chlorine into mixed plastic particles, carrying out oxidation treatment on the mixed plastic particles by virtue of an oxidant, and carrying out flotation separation on the mixed plastic particles after oxidation treatment by virtue of a flotation agent to obtain the chlorine-containing plastics and the plastics without containing the chlorine, wherein the densities of the plastics are close. The method is capable of efficiently and selectively separating out the chlorine-containing plastics from waste plastics and meeting industrial application and production and is simple in operation and low in cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for separating chlorine-containing plastics from waste mixed plastics, and belongs to the technical field of waste plastics recycling. Background technique [0002] Plastics are widely used in human life and production. The rapid development of the plastics industry, the large consumption of plastics and the short life cycle of plastic products have led to a sharp increase in the amount of plastic waste. The disposal methods of waste plastics are incineration and landfill, resulting in serious environmental pollution and waste of resources. Therefore, the recycling of waste plastics has been highly valued. For the recycling process of waste plastics, it is necessary to separate different plastics. At present, the separation of plastics is the bottleneck link restricting the recycling process of waste plastics. [0003] The mixed plastics separation technologies developed include methods such as manual sorting, gravit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B29B17/02B03D1/00B03D1/004
CPCY02W30/62
Inventor 王重庆王晖符剑刚
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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