Preparation method and application of precious metal electrocatalyst

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of precious metal electrocatalysts, and relates to a preparation method and application of a precious metal electrocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps: mixing a carbon carrier, an alkaline substance and a precious metal salt aqueous solution evenly, to prepare a suspension; at the temperature of 50-200 DEG C, carrying out reflux condensation for 0.5 h or more, carrying out standing precipitation, and removing the supernatant; then adding a reducing agent, stirring for 0.5 h or more, to eventually obtain a precipitate, carrying out suction filtration, washing to neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying; and in a mixed atmosphere of one or more than two of nitrogen gas, ammonia gas, helium gas, argon gas and hydrogen gas and at the temperature of 100-800 DEG C, carrying out heat treatment for 0.5-5 h, and thus obtaining the precious metal electrocatalyst. The prepared precious metal electrocatalyst can be applied in fuel cells. The preparation method is simple to operate, is environmentally friendly, and is suitable for mass production; the loading capacity of active components of the precious metal electrocatalyst is 0.01-90 wt %, and the carrier selection range is extensive; and the precious metal electrocatalyst has higher oxygen reduction activity, and can be applied in the fuel cells.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of noble metal electrocatalysts, and relates to a preparation method and application of noble metal electrocatalysts. Background technique [0002] As an important material basis for human survival and development, fossil energy is currently the main energy consumed globally. However, due to its non-renewability and human consumption, fossil energy is gradually becoming exhausted. Moreover, the use of fossil energy will lead to a series of environmental problems, such as the increase in the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere, the increase of acid rain and smog, the aggravation of the greenhouse effect, the melting of glaciers, global warming, the destruction of the ozone layer, and the exploitation and transportation of fossil energy. affect the ecological environment. Therefore, it is imminent to find renewable clean energy. A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical ene...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Wang Yu and others disclosed a fuel cell electrocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. In this method, the metal catalyst is loaded onto the nano-carbon microspheres by an impregnation method, and the metal salt solution and the carbon nano-microspheres are mixed and stirred evenly, and then added The reducing agent formaldehyde, adjust the pH to 8-9 after the reaction is completed, separate and dry after stirring for 20-120 minutes, and then perform heat treatment to obtain the electrocatalyst. The disadvantage of this method is that formaldehyde needs to be used as the reducing agent, which is highly toxic. The easy growth and aggregation of platinum particles affects its oxygen reduction activity (Wang Ting, Li Ting, Yin Cong, Wang Ronggui, Tang Hao, China Dongfang Electric Group Co., Ltd., publication number: 102810677A)

The method uses a hydrothermal method to synthesize CeO in the synthesis process. 2 / GN, the preparation of composite materials by hydrothermal method requires high pressure, high energy consumption, and the synthesis steps are relatively complicated, and the synthesis cycle is long, which is not suitable for industrial production (Yu Shuping, Liu Qiubo, Zhu Hong, Han Kefei, Wang Zhongming, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Publication number: 103078123A)

[0005] Yang Yongjun et al. designed and synthesized a carbon-supported nano-Pt-M fuel cell catalyst preparation method, the H 2 PtCl 6 After dissolving and merging the M compound with alcohol, ultrasonication for 10-20min, then dry-immersing the Pt-M active precursor on the carrier carbon, dehydrating to constant weight by microwave, re-slurrying with water, adding a reducing agent for reduction, and finally filtering and washing , Microwave dehydration to obtain Pt-M / C catalyst, this method has the advantages of high dispersion, small particle size, good catalytic performance, etc., but alcohol needs to be used in the preparation process, which increases the production cost (Yang Yongjun, Lei Dichen, Liu Hanfan , Ye Yongxiang, Deng Chunling, Yang Jing, Chenzhou Gaoxin Platinum Industry Co., Ltd., publication number: 101912778A)