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Method for directly producing potassium nitrate

A technology of potassium nitrate and direct method, which is applied in chemical instruments and methods, preparation of alkali metal nitrate, halogen/halogen acid, etc. It can solve the problems of low product quality, long process flow, complicated equipment, etc., and achieve high yield, The effect of less process flow and simple equipment

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-03-30
SHANDONG TIANYI CHEM
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The present invention provides a direct method for producing potassium nitrate for the problems of high cost, complex equipment, long process flow, low product quality, high energy consumption and large pollution in the prior art

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] (1) Add potassium chloride, nitric acid and water into the reaction tank, stir and react at a temperature of 50-63°C for 1 hour, after the reaction is completed, send the reaction liquid into a cooling crystallizer, Potassium nitrate is fully crystallized and separated out, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out by a centrifuge. The solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation is product potassium nitrate, and the liquid obtained is mother liquor I; the mol ratio of the potassium chloride, nitric acid and water is 1 :1:7;

[0029] (2) Send the mother liquor Ⅰ into the frozen crystallizer, fully crystallize potassium nitrate at the temperature of -7 to -5°C, and then carry out solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, and the solid obtained from solid-liquid separation is crude potassium nitrate , the resulting liquid is mother liquor II;

[0030] (3) According to the mass ratio of crude potassium nitrate and water of 0.45:1, at a temperature of 30°C, t...

Embodiment 2

[0033] (1) Add potassium chloride, nitric acid and water into the reaction tank, stir and react for 1.2 hours at a temperature of 63-76°C, and send the reaction liquid into a cooling crystallizer after the reaction is completed. Potassium nitrate is fully crystallized and separated out, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out by a centrifuge. The solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation is product potassium nitrate, and the liquid obtained is mother liquor I; the mol ratio of the potassium chloride, nitric acid and water is 1 :1.2:8;

[0034] (2) Send the mother liquor Ⅰ into the freezing crystallizer, fully crystallize potassium nitrate at the temperature of -5 to -3°C, and then separate the solid and liquid through a centrifuge, and the solid obtained from the solid-liquid separation is crude potassium nitrate , the resulting liquid is mother liquor II;

[0035] (3) According to the mass ratio of crude potassium nitrate and water as 1:1, under the temperatur...

Embodiment 3

[0038] (1) Add potassium chloride, nitric acid and water into the reaction tank, stir and react for 2 hours at a temperature of 76-90°C, and send the reaction liquid into a cooling crystallizer after the reaction is completed, Potassium nitrate is fully crystallized and separated out, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out by a centrifuge. The solid matter obtained by solid-liquid separation is product potassium nitrate, and the liquid obtained is mother liquor I; the mol ratio of the potassium chloride, nitric acid and water is 1 : 1.4:9, the nitric acid adopts the nitric acid whose concentration is 60%.

[0039] (2) Send the mother liquor I into the frozen crystallizer, fully crystallize potassium nitrate under the temperature condition of -3 to 0°C, and then carry out solid-liquid separation through a centrifuge, and the solid obtained by solid-liquid separation is crude potassium nitrate, The resulting liquid is mother liquor II;

[0040] (3) According to the mas...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for directly producing potassium nitrate. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding potassium chloride and nitric acid into water, stirring for reaction, carrying out cooling and crystallization, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a potassium nitrate product I and a mother liquid I; (2) conducting further cooling and crystallization on the mother liquid I, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a crude potassium nitrate product and a mother liquid II; (3) re-dissolving the crude potassium nitrate product in water, and carrying out re-crystallization and solid-liquid separation to obtain a potassium nitrate product II; (4) allowing the mother liquid II and water to flow through a diffusion dialyzer at the same time, so as to obtain a hydrochloric acid solution containing a little nitric acid and a recovery liquid containing potassium ions; replacing the water in step (1) with the recovery liquid for the next round of potassium nitrate preparation, so as to recycle the recovery liquid. The method is low in production cost; the potassium chloride conversion ratio and the one-time finished product ratio are high, and a potassium nitrate product with high purity and stable quality can be obtained; not only are acids recovered, but also potassium is recycled, so that the potassium loss is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization ratio of resources is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing potassium nitrate. Background technique [0002] Potassium nitrate is an important inorganic chemical product. According to the application, it is mainly divided into industrial potassium nitrate and agricultural potassium nitrate. At present, the production method of potassium nitrate mainly uses potassium chloride and nitrate as raw materials. The typical methods mainly include Double decomposition method, ion exchange method, extraction method, etc. [0003] The technology of double decomposition method to produce potassium nitrate is mainly based on potassium chloride and magnesium nitrate or ammonium nitrate as raw materials. The disadvantage is that the solubility of potassium nitrate in the by-product magnesium chloride and ammonium chloride is relatively large, which not only reduces the by-product The quality also causes the recovery rate of potassium ions to be low; the circulation volu...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01D9/04C01B7/03
CPCC01D9/04C01B7/035
Inventor 王功国王恒磊朱丹李秋霞
Owner SHANDONG TIANYI CHEM
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