Conversion of 2,3-butanediol to butadiene
A technology of butadiene and butanediol, applied in the field of conversion of 2,3-butanediol to butadiene, can solve the problems of complex corrosion properties of acetic acid and the like
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example 1
[0107] Cleavage Probe Evaluation of Catalysts
[0108] The starting material was deionized (DI) water containing 10% by weight BDO (Aldrich). The catalyst (approximately 2 mg powder) was loaded into a quartz test tube (25 mm long x 1.9 mm inner diameter; open at both ends) and held in place using quartz wool plugs on both ends of the powder bed. Subsequently, approximately 1 μL of the feed solution was dispensed on the backside quartz wool plug and then loaded into the cleavage probe stick with the liquid side down so that as the liquid feed was heated, vapor would be carried through the catalyst bed. After loading the tubes into the lysis probe stick, the end of the stick is inserted into the lysis probe unit and sealed. Helium carrier gas flows through the probe rod and over the quartz plug and catalyst. After starting up the unit, a heating coil surrounding the quartz cuvette rapidly heats the cuvette and its contents to about 600°C and maintains it at that temperature fo...
example 2
[0126] High Throughput Catalyst Testing
[0127] Catalysts used for high-throughput testing were commercially available, modified commercially available, or in-house prepared. Catalyst (50 mg) was loaded into a conical reaction tube (OD 3 mm, ID 2.6 mm and length 300 mm). When loading the reactor, place a small portion (contains 68-70% ZrO 2 , 28-33% SiO 2 and 2 o 3 The ceramic beads have a crystal structure of 68% zirconia and 32% vitrified phase, and the specific gravity is 3.85g / cm 3 , bulk density 2.3kg / L, Saint-Gobain (Saint-Gobain), France) was added to the bottom of each reactor. A pre-weighed portion of catalyst was added to each test tube. The remaining volume of the test tube is Filled and plugged with quartz wool.
[0128] The catalyst was activated by heating at 10°C / min to a temperature of 425°C at ambient pressure with a He flow rate of 12.5 mL / min. After holding for 2 hours, each reactor block was cooled to the target reaction temperature. The He flo...
example 3
[0205] Flow Reactor Evaluation of Catalysts
[0206] Construct a small continuous fixed-bed flow reactor ( figure 1 ) to study chemical conversions on a scale larger than that of cleavage probes and high-throughput testing under control of feed rates, temperatures, and pressures. Isco high pressure syringe pump 20 (Teledyne Isco, Lincoln, NE) was used to deliver solvent-free or aqueous BDO 10 via preheater 30 to 3 / 8" OD stainless steel reactor tube 40. Tube 40 was filled with 0.5-3.5 g catalyst , with glass beads above the bed for feed preheating. When using about 0.5 g of catalyst, the catalyst bed volume is about 0.6 cc, and the bed length is about 0.5" (1.3 cm). Evaluation In 2 o 3 , La-doped ZrO 2 (XZ0945 / 03) and mixed Al / La / Zr oxide (FZO2089) catalysts. For this example, In from oxalic acid preparation 2 o 3 The catalyst was prepared by oxalate decomposition and calcined at 550° C. in air for 6 hours before loading. Thermocouples 35, 45 are positioned to measure ...
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