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Nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and method for preparing same

An oil-absorbing material and nanoporous technology, applied in the field of polyimide aerogel oil-absorbing material and its preparation, can solve the problems of high cost of synthetic polymer materials, complicated preparation process, low oil absorption capacity, etc., and achieve excellent flame retardant properties , the preparation steps are simple, the effect of high oil absorption

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-05-17
BEIHANG UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For economic and environmental reasons, natural fiber materials are preferred, however, they have little oil absorption capacity
The cost of synthetic polymer materials is high, the preparation process is complicated, and the recyclability is not good
In addition, these traditional organic adsorption materials have single functions and cannot be used in extremely harsh environments, such as ultra-high temperature, ultra-low temperature, and acidic environments, which limit their applications in aerospace, industry, and daily life

Method used

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  • Nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and method for preparing same
  • Nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and method for preparing same
  • Nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and method for preparing same

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0031] 1) At room temperature, fully dissolve 24g of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) in 50g of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in a three-necked flask, and stir until the solution is clear and no particles are seen; Then, it is evenly added into pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) three times to obtain a polyamic acid solution. After continuing to stir and react for about 4 hours, slowly pour into deionized water for precipitation, filter and dry to obtain solid polyamic acid powder. The pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and ODA are in equimolar amounts, and the mass is 26.16g.

[0032] 2) Weigh 3 g of polyamic acid powder, add 1.44 g of triethylamine, and dissolve in 15.56 g of deionized water to prepare a polyamic acid salt solution.

[0033] 3) Pour the polyamic acid salt solution prepared in step 2) into a circular mold, freeze in a -20°C refrigerator for about 12 hours, and then freeze-dry for 48 hours under a vacuum of 4Pa~6Pa, and the freezing temperature is -196 ℃, heat imidi...

Embodiment 2

[0035] In the first step, choose hexafluorodianhydride (6FDA) and ODA to react in equimolar proportions, and use N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as the polar solvent to obtain a polyamic acid solution with a concentration of 8% by mass. The polyamic acid solution was poured into deionized water for precipitation, and dried to obtain polyamic acid powder.

[0036] In the second step, the polyamic acid powder is dissolved in a mixed solution of triethylamine and water to obtain a polyamic acid salt solution with a concentration of 0.1% by mass. The mass ratio of the polyamic acid powder to triethylamine is 1:0.48.

[0037] The third step is to pour the polyamic acid salt solution into the mold for freezing and shaping, specifically cooling in dry ice for 10 seconds. Then vacuum 2Pa, freeze-dry at -5°C for 120h. A nanoporous airgel oil-absorbing material is obtained.

Embodiment 3

[0039] In the first step, equimolar reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride and ODA is selected, and the polar solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to obtain a polyamic acid solution with a concentration of 12% by mass. The polyamic acid solution was poured into deionized water for precipitation, and dried to obtain polyamic acid powder.

[0040] In the second step, the polyamic acid powder is dissolved in a mixed solution of tetraethylamine and water to obtain a polyamic acid salt solution with a concentration of 20% by mass. The mass ratio of the polyamic acid powder to triethylamine is 1:0.48.

[0041] The third step is to pour the polyamic acid salt solution into the mold for freezing and setting, specifically cooling in liquid nitrogen for 15 minutes. Then freeze-dry at -196° C. for 48 hours under a vacuum of 2 Pa to 4 Pa ​​to obtain a nanoporous airgel oil-absorbing material.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and a method for preparing the same, and belongs to the field of technologies for adsorbing organic materials. The method includes preparing polyamic acid powder; dissolving the polyamic acid powder in mixed liquid of amine compounds and deionized water to obtain polyamide salt solution; freezing and setting the polyamide salt solution and carrying out freeze drying on the polyamide salt solution under the vacuum condition to obtain polyamide salt aerogel; heating the polyamide salt aerogel, carrying out imidization on the polyamide salt aerogel and cooling products until the temperature of the products reaches the room temperature so as to obtain the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material. The nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and the method have the advantages that the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material is provided with nanometer porous micro-structures and can be used for adsorbing organic solvents with the weights 5-1000 times the weight of the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material; the method includes simple preparation steps, reaction conditions are mild, the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material and the method are economical and environmentally friendly, and the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material can be industrially produced; absorbed oil can be recycled by means of simple squeezing and distillation after being absorbed by the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material, the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material can be reused, and accordingly the economic benefit of the nanometer porous aerogel oil absorption material can be greatly increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nanoporous airgel oil-absorbing material, in particular to a polyimide airgel oil-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Oil and organic solvent pollution have caused serious environmental and ecological problems, so the development of new functional materials with adsorption and separation of pollutants has attracted more and more attention. Among the current technologies for removing oily waste, adsorbent materials have been more and more widely used due to their simplicity and high efficiency. [0003] Oil-absorbing materials can be classified according to different methods. According to raw materials, it can be divided into inorganic oil-absorbing materials and organic oil-absorbing materials. Inorganic oil-absorbing materials have little oil absorption, are brittle and fragile, and are easy to absorb water. The transportation cost is high, and the reusability is poor, which l...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08J9/28C09K3/32C08G73/10C08L79/08
CPCC08J9/28C08G73/1057C08G73/1071C08J2379/08C09K3/32
Inventor 吴俊涛张晓敏张力
Owner BEIHANG UNIV
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