Method for preparing carbon nanofiber aerogel

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing carbon nanofiber aerogel. The method comprises the following steps: performing heat treatment on a beta-lactoglobulin solution at the pH value of 1-3 so as to obtain a beta-lactoglobulin amyloid fiber solution; mixing the beta-lactoglobulin amyloid fiber solution with sugar, and reacting to obtain the carbon nanofiber hydrogel; and drying the carbon nanofiber hydrogel, thereby obtaining the carbon nanofiber aerogel. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the beta-lactoglobulin is self-assembled into amyloid fibers under acidic conditions, the amyloid fiber can act with saccharide molecules under hydrothermal conditions so as to achieve a template effect, the hydrothermal carbon nanofibers are produced, the fibers are lapped to form the carbon nanofiber hydrogel, and then the carbon nanofiber aerogel is obtained after drying. The aerogel prepared in the method is controllable in macroscopic volume, controllable in microscopic diameter and excellent in adsorptive property; and the method is simple, feasible, high in repeatability and capable of easily realizing large-scale preparation. The diameter of the carbon nanofiber aerogel is 30-350nm, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is capable of adsorbing and filtering multiple pollutants in water.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nanomaterials, in particular to a preparation method of carbon nanofiber airgel. Background technique [0002] Airgel is also known as xerogel. When the gel removes most of the solvent, the liquid content in the gel is much less than the solid content, or the space network structure of the gel is filled with gas, and the appearance is Solid, this is dry gel, also known as airgel: such as gelatin, gum arabic, silica gel, hair, nails, etc.; airgel also has the properties of gel, that is, it has swelling effect, thixotropy effect, slurry effect. [0003] Carbon nanofiber airgel, which is composed of three-dimensional network structure, has excellent physical properties such as low density, large specific surface area, and porosity, and is a new material that has attracted extensive attention. It can be applied in various fields such as chromatographic separation column stationary phase, catalyst carrier, a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The prior art discloses a variety of methods for preparing carbon fiber airgel, such as German "Advanced Materials" (Advanced Materials, 22, 2010, page 617) discloses a dichlorobenzene solution using ferrocene as a precursor , a method of preparing carbon nanotube sponge airgel by chemical vapor deposition method. The carbon nanotube sponge airgel prepared by this method has good mechanical properties, but chemical vapor deposition requires complex and expensive equipment, and the reproducibility Difficult to regulate and large-scale production, which prevents the industrial application prospect of this method

German "Applied Chemistry" (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2012, Issue 51, page 5101) reported that by using glucose as a precursor, a hydrothermal carbonization process was used to prepare carbon fiber aerogels on a large scale, but biological Toxic and expensive tellurium nanowires are used as templates, and the subsequent removal of tellurium wire templates is time-consuming and energy-consuming. This preparation process is not suitable for commercialization

German "Applied Chemistry" (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2013, Issue 52, page 2925) reported that direct freeze-drying of biomass bacterial cellulose to obtain carbon nanofiber airgel, but bacterial cellulose needs to be obtained by bacterial fermentation, and its internal structure It is difficult to control, and it is still difficult to prepare large-volume aerogels

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