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Method of separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal

A solution and concentration technology, applied in the field of separation and extraction of rubidium and cesium, can solve problems such as waste of resources, achieve cost saving, low production cost, and simplify process steps

Active Publication Date: 2017-11-17
HEBEI UNIV OF ENG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For a long time, these important associated mines have been neglected in the production and mining process of coal resources and later processing and utilization, resulting in waste of resources

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] A method for separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) Dissolve the coal in mixed acid after crushing, then add deionized water to dilute the solution, then filter the solution through a filter for 3 times, take the filtrate, evaporate the filtrate until the concentration of rubidium ion and cesium ion is 0.08 g / L, adjust the pH of the evaporated solution to be 5, and the mixed acid is nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF), perchloric acid (HClO 4 ) and the volume ratio is 3:1:1, and its mass fractions are 68%, 40%, and 72% respectively;

[0026] (2) Continue to add iodine chloride with a concentration of 2g / L to the solution treated in step 1, and continue to stir with a mixer for 40 minutes until no precipitate continues to form, stop stirring, let the solution stand for 15 minutes, and then filter to get the precipitate , the resulting precipitate is RbICl 2 and CsICl 2 ;...

Embodiment 2

[0032] A method for separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Dissolve the coal in mixed acid after crushing, then add deionized water to dilute the solution, then filter the solution twice through the filter, take the filtrate, and evaporate the filtrate until the concentration of rubidium ion and cesium ion is 0.06 g / L, adjust the pH of the evaporated solution to be 6, and the mixed acid is nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF), perchloric acid (HClO 4 ) and the volume ratio is 3:1:1, and its mass fractions are 68%, 40%, and 72% respectively;

[0034] (2) Continue to add iodine chloride with a concentration of 2g / L to the solution treated in step 1, and continue to stir with a mixer for 30 minutes until no precipitate continues to form, stop stirring, let the solution stand for 12 minutes, and then filter to get the precipitate , the resulting precipitate is RbICl 2 and CsICl 2 ;...

Embodiment 3

[0040] A method for separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Dissolve the coal in mixed acid after crushing, then add deionized water to dilute the solution, then filter the solution through a filter for 3 times, take the filtrate, evaporate the filtrate until the concentration of rubidium ion and cesium ion is 0.07 g / L, adjust the pH of the solution after evaporation to be 5.5, and the mixed acid is nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF), perchloric acid (HClO 4 ) and the volume ratio is 3:1:1, and its mass fractions are 68%, 40%, and 72% respectively;

[0042] (2) Continue to add iodine chloride with a concentration of 1.4g / L to the solution treated in step 1, and continue to stir with a mixer for 35 minutes until no precipitate continues to form, stop stirring, let the solution stand for 9 minutes, and then filter to collect the precipitate product, the resulting precipitate is Rb...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method of separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal. The method comprises the following steps of: smashing coal; dissolving the smashed coal in a mixed acid to filter; extracting a filtrate and then adding iodine chloride to generate a precipitate; then adding the precipitate into potassium iodide to be dissolved to generate rubidium chloride, cesium chloride, potassium chloride and iodine single element; extracting the iodine single element with an organic solvent; then extracting the solution containing rubidium chloride, cesium chloride and potassium chloride with t-BAMBP to generate a precipitate; then dissolving the precipitate in diluted hydrochloric acid; then performing evaporative crystallization; and finally obtaining high purity rubidium chloride and cesium chloride. The method of separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal provided by the invention separates and extracts rubidium ions and cesium ions from coal by means of a method of precipitation, extraction and counter-extraction, so that the process step of separating rubidium and cesium from coal is simplified, and the production cost is low and the production period is short.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for separating and extracting rubidium and cesium from coal, belonging to the technical field of element separation. Background technique [0002] Rubidium and cesium have strong chemical activity and excellent photoelectric effect performance, and are widely used in traditional application fields such as photoelectric conversion devices, optical crystals, optical glasses, catalysts, special glasses, biochemistry and medicine. [0003] At present, the basic raw materials for industrial production of rubidium and cesium are mainly solid ores such as cesium garnet and lepidolite, and the extraction process is relatively complicated and the extraction cost is high. my country has huge reserves of coal resources, and the scale of reserves is measured in trillions of tons. Because the coal seam is formed in a special geochemical environment, some valuable trace elements can be enriched in the coal seam. In some coal mine...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B26/10C22B3/44C22B3/26C22B3/40
CPCC22B3/44C22B26/10C22B3/262C22B3/402Y02P10/20
Inventor 孙玉壮赵存良王金喜李彦恒石志祥孟志强
Owner HEBEI UNIV OF ENG
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