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Process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on mixing and settling tank

A technology for mixing clarifiers and extracting lithium, applied in the field of lithium extraction, can solve the problems of emulsification failure of extractant, difficult maintenance, high cost, etc., and achieves the effect of avoiding small density difference between two phases, high degree of automation and high reliability

Active Publication Date: 2020-04-28
QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, effective methods for extracting lithium from salt lake brine include solvent extraction, and solvent extraction inevitably uses FeCl 3 As a co-extraction agent, the density of the extracted organic phase is increased, and the density difference between the two phases is reduced, which requires higher extraction and separation equipment; at the same time, the introduction of FeCl 3 Finally, it is very difficult to regenerate the extractant with alkali, and very precise flow control is required, otherwise it will cause problems such as a decrease in extraction rate or emulsification failure of the extractant
In addition, since the organic phase contains co-extractant FeCl 3 , this requires that the extraction material (brine) must be kept weakly acidic, otherwise Fe will be hydrolyzed, and the brine entering the extraction section must be acidified. Lithium and boron generally exist together in Qinghai Salt Lake, and boric acid must be precipitated during the acidification process. Filtration is required, so it is not suitable for the extraction of lithium in alkaline systems
Moreover, most of the extraction agents currently used for lithium can only achieve the separation of lithium and magnesium, and the extraction effect for alkali metal systems is very poor.
In short, due to the existence of the co-extraction agent FeCl3, the process flow is more complicated, the process control is very difficult, and the investment in equipment is large.
[0004] At the same time, among the extraction equipment currently used in the solvent extraction industry, although the centrifugal extractor has the advantages of compact equipment, high mass transfer efficiency, small solute retention, short extraction process equilibrium time, less material retention, rapid phase separation, and parameter adjustment There are many advantages such as rapid response and easy automation, but it also has disadvantages such as high cost, difficult operation, and difficult maintenance; while the mixing and settling tank has the advantages of simple operation and low equipment cost, which can be used to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned centrifugal extractor

Method used

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  • Process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on mixing and settling tank
  • Process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on mixing and settling tank
  • Process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on mixing and settling tank

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0078] The lithium-containing brine is pretreated to remove impurities such as solids, precipitates, and suspended solids.

[0079] to Li + The concentration is 2g / L, Na + The concentration is less than 80g / L, Ca 2+ The concentration is less than 0.1g / L, Mg 2+ Add 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to the carbonate-type brine with concentration less than 0.1 g / L, adjust its pH value to 11, and obtain the extracted aqueous phase.

[0080] Mix HBTA, TOPO and kerosene to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO are both 0.3 mol / L.

[0081] Pump the extracted organic phase prepared above into the light phase inlet of the first mixing and settling tank assembly, and pump the extracted water phase into the corresponding heavy phase inlet, and control the extraction flow ratio to 3:2, so that the two are mixed in the first mixing and settling tank assembly. Three-stage countercurrent extraction is carried out in...

Embodiment 2

[0089] The lithium-containing brine is pretreated to remove impurities such as solids, precipitates, and suspended solids.

[0090] to Li + The concentration is 2g / L, Na + The concentration is less than 80g / L, Ca 2+ Concentration less than 0.05g / L, Mg 2+ Add 2 mol / L sodium carbonate solution to the carbonate or sulfate type brine with concentration less than 0.05g / L, adjust its pH value to 11, and obtain the extracted aqueous phase.

[0091] Mix HBTA, TOPO and kerosene to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO are both 0.3 mol / L.

[0092] Pump the extracted organic phase prepared above into the light phase inlet of the first mixing and settling tank assembly, and pump the extracted water phase into the corresponding heavy phase inlet, and control the extraction flow ratio to 1:1, so that the two are mixed in the first mixing and settling tank assembly. Three-stage countercurrent extraction is carried o...

Embodiment 3

[0100] The lithium-containing brine is pretreated to remove impurities such as solids, precipitates, and suspended solids.

[0101] to Li + The concentration is 0.5g / L, Na + The concentration is less than 80g / L, Ca 2+ Concentration less than 0.05g / L, Mg 2+ Add 2 mol / L sodium carbonate solution to the carbonate or sulfate type brine with concentration less than 0.05g / L, adjust its pH value to 12, and obtain the extraction water phase.

[0102] Mix HBTA, TOPO and kerosene to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO are both 0.3 mol / L.

[0103] Pump the extracted organic phase prepared above into the light phase inlet of the first mixing and settling tank assembly, and pump the extracted water phase into the corresponding heavy phase inlet, and control the extraction flow ratio to 2:3, so that the two are mixed in the first mixing and settling tank assembly. Three-stage countercurrent extraction is carried ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on a mixing and settling tank, which comprises the following steps: providing an extraction aqueous phase, providing an extraction organic phase, an extraction step, a washing step, a stripping step and regeneration step. The process according to the present invention adopts a brand-new extraction system to extract lithium from the lithium-containing alkaline brine system, and for the first time determines the whole process process of extraction-washing-back-extraction-regeneration based on the mixing and settling tank, instead of only staying in the extraction section Based on the basic research of the extraction system, the process parameters such as the number of stages, the flow ratio, and the concentration of each reagent for each section of the extraction system were finally determined, and an industrial production process route based on the mixing and settling tank was provided; the lithium-containing alkaline The process of extracting lithium in brine is especially suitable for the filtrate system produced by lithium chloride solution in the process of preparing lithium carbonate products, so as to further extract lithium from it, thereby realizing the real comprehensive recycling of salt lake brine, which has practical significance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of salt lake chemical industry, and specifically relates to a process for extracting lithium from lithium-containing alkaline brine based on a mixing and settling tank. Background technique [0002] Lithium is the lightest metal in nature and has extremely strong electrochemical activity. Its metals and compounds are widely used in glass, ceramics, aluminum smelting, organic chemical industry, aerospace, nuclear fusion and other industries and fields as thermonuclear fusion (hydrogen bomb) explosives, high-performance propellant for aircraft, rockets and missiles, and shielding materials for nuclear reactors. Lithium batteries have 4 to 30 times higher energy storage than ordinary batteries and have good performance. They have long been used as propulsion for torpedoes, submarines, and spacecraft. Lithium-aluminum and lithium-magnesium alloys are high-strength and light-weight, and are good materials for ae...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B26/12C22B3/26
CPCC22B26/12C22B3/26Y02P10/20
Inventor 李丽娟张利诚彭小五时东宋富根聂峰韩文生姬连敏宋雪雪李慧芳
Owner QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI