Kitchen garbage rapid fertilizer preparation device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a kitchen garbage rapid fertilizer preparation device, and a method, and belongs to the field of kitchen garbage processing. The kitchen garbage rapid fertilizer preparation device comprises a three-grade main reactor, an infrared radiation thermal insulation unit, a hot wind supply unit, and a condensate water leachate backflow unit. According to the method, infrared radiation and hot wind coupling temperature controlling is adopted to realize kitchen garbage rapid dehydration, high efficiency volume reduction and weight reduction are realized, using of a regulating agent is replaced, and cost is reduced. Dehydrated garbage is subjected to segmented controlling in composting process; at high temperature fermentation stage, heat assisted mode is adopted to increasebiological activity and accelerate fermentation process; a later stage decomposing period is adopted, so that reaction period is shortened effectively, organic matter degradation decomposing is realized as far as possible, biological processing technology is optimized, and discharged material quality is increased. The kitchen garbage rapid fertilizer preparation device is provided with a heat pump for heat energy recycling of discharged gas of different stages, waste heat wet gas supply in composting process is realized, condensate water leachate backflow spraying is adopted, so that pile body humidity is maintained, secondary processing cost is reduced, and kitchen garbage rapid composting resource utilization is realized.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment, and relates to a fast fertilizer making device and method for kitchen waste. The method does not need to add a conditioning agent, controls the biological composting process in stages, controls the reaction temperature and residence time of materials in different stages, and realizes an efficient biological treatment device and technical method for rapid degradation and fermentation of kitchen waste. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of my country’s economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the output of municipal solid waste has also increased year by year. Among them, kitchen waste is as high as 50%-60%. Its high moisture content and high organic matter characteristics also cause landfill or incineration. In the process of a series of problems, various regions are seeking a very economical, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly techno...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the current composting process, it is necessary to add a large amount of conditioner to adjust the moisture content and the structure of the compost. For example, the Chinese patent 201610024921.0 discloses a method of composting kitchen waste with straw or straw. , the amount added is more than half, the pretreatment process is cumbersome, and the labor cost is high

Chinese patent 201711210159.6 discloses a high-efficiency composting method for agricultural organic waste. The traditional method is used to add crop straw, and the reaction cycle is as high as 90 days (30-36 days for composting and 60-80 days for post-digestion and degradation). This shows that the traditional method There are problems of long reaction cycle and low efficiency, and it cannot effectively deal with the continuous generation of a large amount of kitchen waste

In order to improve composting efficiency and shorten the composting cycle, high-temperature composting methods are also widely recognized. For example, Chinese patent 201710518000.4 discloses an ultra-high-temperature composting method for livestock and poultry manure. This method raises the temperature of the compost to 80-85°C. This method can effectively promote the decomposition of organic matter and effectively shorten the composting reaction cycle. However, the traditional heating method is limited by the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, and the heating energy consumption is high, which seriously affects its popularization and application.

[0004] There is still a lack of a fast and efficient composting reactor in the market, which can effectively reduce the addition of conditioners, increase the rate of composting, shorten the cycle of biological treatment, reduce external energy consumption, optimize the process of biocomposting, and improve the efficiency of composting