A core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

A technology for lithium-ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, structural parts, etc., can solve problems such as loss of active materials, sharp drop in battery capacity, and collapse of material structures, achieving the first High efficiency, improved conductivity, and high specific capacity

Active Publication Date: 2022-05-06
MAANSHAN KEDA PURUI ENERGY TECH CO LTD +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the poor conductivity of the silicon material itself, and the volume expansion of silicon during charging is as high as 300%, the volume expansion during charging and discharging can easily lead to the collapse of the material structure and the peeling and pulverization of the electrodes, resulting in the loss of active materials, which in turn leads to a sharp drop in battery capacity. decrease, the cycle performance is seriously deteriorated

Method used

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  • A core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

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Embodiment 1

[0036] A preparation method of a core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, comprising the steps of:

[0037] (1) Preparation of nanoporous silicon: Add 1000 g of porous silicon powder with a median particle size of 1 μm and a purity of 99.99% and ethanol into the dispersion tank of the sand mill, control the solid content of the mixed solution to 10%, and start stirring for 30 minutes; The material of the grinding beads is hard alloy, and the mass ratio of grinding beads to silicon powder is 30:1; the mixed solution in the mixing tank is introduced into the sand mill, the linear speed of the sand mill is 16m / s, and the grinding time is 70h , to obtain a porous silicon slurry; the mass content of oxygen in the nanoporous silicon obtained by testing is 32%, and the median particle size of the nanoporous silicon is 77nm;

[0038] (2) Atomization granulation: adding nano-graphite and carbon source material-glucose with a median partic...

Embodiment 2

[0042] (1) Preparation of nanoporous silicon: Add 1000 g of porous silicon powder with a median particle size of 70 μm and a purity of 99.9% and ethanol into the dispersion tank of the sand mill, control the solid content of the mixed solution to 15%, and start stirring for 30 minutes; The material of the grinding beads is hard alloy, and the mass ratio of grinding beads to silicon powder is 30:1; the mixed solution in the mixing tank is introduced into the sand mill, the linear speed of the sand mill is 16m / s, and the grinding time is 55h , to obtain a porous silicon slurry; the mass content of oxygen in the nanoporous silicon obtained by testing is 27%, and the median particle size of the nanoporous silicon is 82nm;

[0043] (2) Atomization granulation: adding natural graphite and carbon source material-epoxy resin with a median particle size of 2 μm to the porous silicon slurry in step (1), adjusting the solid content of the mixed slurry to 20%, measured The viscosity of th...

Embodiment 3

[0047] (1) Preparation of nanoporous silicon: Add 1000 g of porous silicon powder with a median particle size of 130 μm and a purity of 99.2% and ethanol into the dispersion tank of the sand mill, control the solid content of the mixed solution to 20%, and start stirring for 30 minutes; The material of the grinding beads is hard alloy, and the mass ratio of grinding beads to silicon powder is 30:1; the mixed solution in the stirring tank is introduced into the sand mill, the linear speed of the sand mill is 16m / s, and the grinding time is 40h , to obtain a porous silicon slurry; the mass content of oxygen in the nanoporous silicon is 21%, and the median particle size of the nanoporous silicon is 88nm;

[0048] (2) Atomization granulation: adding artificial graphite and carbon source material-acrylic resin with a median particle size of 12 μm to the porous silicon slurry in step (1), adjusting the solid content of the mixed slurry to 30%, the mixed The viscosity of the slurry i...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof; the porous silicon negative electrode material has a core-shell structure, and the core contains nanoporous silicon, graphite and amorphous carbon, the shell is amorphous carbon; the proportion of nanoporous silicon in the negative electrode material is 30% to 70wt.%, the proportion of graphite is 20% to 45wt.%, and the proportion of amorphous carbon is 10% to 40wt. .%; the microporous silicon raw material contains 1 to 10wt.% of oxygen, and the oxygen content in the nanoporous silicon obtained by wet grinding is 12 to 35wt.%; the negative electrode material of the present invention is used as lithium ion When the negative active material of the battery is used, it can significantly increase the battery capacity, and has excellent cycle performance, and the raw material is cheap, and the preparation process and equipment are mature, which is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a core-shell structure porous silicon negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, the conventional lithium ion negative electrode material is mainly graphite negative electrode, but the theoretical specific capacity of graphite negative electrode is only 372mAh / g, which cannot meet the urgent needs of users. The theoretical capacity of silicon is as high as 4200mAh / g, which is more than 10 times the capacity of graphite anode materials. At the same time, the coulombic efficiency of silicon-carbon composites is also close to that of graphite anodes. It is cheap, environmentally friendly, and has abundant earth reserves. It is a new generation of high-capacity The best choice for negative electrode materials. However, due to the poor conductivity of the silicon material ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00Y02E60/10
Inventor 胡亮张少波俞有康李晓马张志权
Owner MAANSHAN KEDA PURUI ENERGY TECH CO LTD
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