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Silicon-containing negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-containing negative electrode material

A technology of lithium-ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, secondary batteries, etc., can solve problems such as cycle performance deterioration, active material loss, material structure collapse, etc., to achieve optimization Rate performance, improved electrical conductivity, and improved volume expansion

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-10-09
MAANSHAN KEDA PURUI ENERGY TECH CO LTD +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the poor conductivity of the silicon material itself, and the volume expansion of silicon during charging is as high as 300%, the volume expansion during charging and discharging can easily lead to the collapse of the material structure and the peeling and pulverization of the electrodes, resulting in the loss of active materials, which in turn leads to a sharp drop in battery capacity. decrease, the cycle performance is seriously deteriorated

Method used

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  • Silicon-containing negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-containing negative electrode material
  • Silicon-containing negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-containing negative electrode material
  • Silicon-containing negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method of silicon-containing negative electrode material

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Embodiment 1

[0033] A method for preparing a silicon-containing negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery, comprising the steps of:

[0034] (1) Preparation of porous carbon: Put glucose in a box furnace, pass in argon gas for gas protection, raise the temperature to 500°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keep it for 2h, and obtain a block formed by glucose decomposition after cooling Porous carbon: Grind the massive porous carbon to a fine powder, and sieve through a 325-mesh sieve to obtain the desired porous carbon;

[0035] (2) Preparation of nano-silicon: Add 1000 g of silicon powder with a median particle size of 1 μm and a purity of 99.99% and propanol into the dispersion tank of the sand mill, control the solid content of the mixed solution to be 10%, and then add grinding aid 3 Ethanolamine, the mass ratio of triethanolamine and silicon powder is 1:100, start stirring for 30 minutes; the material of the grinding beads is hard alloy, and the mass ratio of grinding beads an...

Embodiment 2

[0039](1) Preparation of porous carbon: put coal tar pitch with a median particle size of 10 μm in a box-type furnace, pass in nitrogen gas for gas protection, raise the temperature to 700 °C at a heating rate of 3 °C / min, stop nitrogen input, pass Into CO 2 After reacting for 3 hours, stop heating, cool to room temperature, and obtain a black powder; add the obtained black powder to excess concentrated hydrochloric acid, stir slowly, react for 20 hours, then fully wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry to obtain the obtained Need porous carbon;

[0040] (2) Preparation of nano-silicon: adding 1000 g of silicon powder with a median particle size of 5 μm and a purity of 99.97% and ethanol in the dispersion tank of the sand mill, controlling the solid content of the mixed solution to be 20%, and then adding grinding aid pyrophosphoric acid Sodium, the mass ratio of sodium pyrophosphate and silicon powder is 3:100, start stirring for 30 minutes; the material of the gri...

Embodiment 3

[0044] (1) Preparation of porous carbon: put the rice husk in a box-type furnace, pass helium gas into the gas protection, heat up to 850°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keep it warm for 2h, and obtain a carbonized product after cooling; combine the carbonized product with KOH is mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, then added to pure water, stirred evenly, placed in an oven, and the temperature of the oven is controlled at 100°C until the mixture is dried; the dried powder is placed in a box furnace In the process, nitrogen was introduced for protection, and the temperature was raised to 650°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, kept for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, washed, dried, ground, and sieved through a 325-mesh sieve to obtain the desired porous carbon;

[0045] (2) Preparation of nano-silicon: Add 1000 g of silicon powder with a median particle size of 12 μm and a purity of 99.9% and isopropyl alcohol into the dispersion tank of the sand mill, control the solid content of t...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a silicon-containing negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the silicon-containing negative electrode material. The negative electrode material contains silica particles, porous carbon and coated carbon. The negative electrode material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30%-60% of silica particles, 10%-40% of porous carbon and 10%-30% of coated carbon; the silica particles can be represented by SiOX, wherein x is greater than 0 and less than 0.5; the porous carbon material is combined with silica particles in the negative electrode material, and the formed porosity is 10%-50% by volume; the surface layer part of the negativeelectrode material is covered by a carbon layer, and the thickness of the carbon layer is 10-1000nm. Compared with the prior art, the prepared silicon-containing negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery has excellent electrochemical performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a silicon-containing negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, the conventional lithium ion negative electrode material is mainly graphite negative electrode, but the theoretical specific capacity of graphite negative electrode is only 372mAh / g, which cannot meet the urgent needs of users. The theoretical capacity of silicon is as high as 4200mAh / g, which is more than 10 times the capacity of graphite anode materials. At the same time, the coulombic efficiency of silicon-carbon composites is also close to that of graphite anodes. It is cheap, environmentally friendly, and has abundant earth reserves. It is a new generation of high-capacity The best choice for negative electrode materials. However, due to the poor conductivity of the silicon material itself, and the v...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 胡亮张少波俞有康李晓马张志权
Owner MAANSHAN KEDA PURUI ENERGY TECH CO LTD
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