49results about How to "Rich void structure" patented technology

The invention discloses a modified magnetic sludge biological carbon and a preparation method and applications thereof. The modified magnetic sludge biological carbon is prepared by carbonizing residual sludge, modifying sludge by alkali, and modifying sludge by acid. The provided modified magnetic sludge biological carbon has the advantages of good magnetic property, large specific surface and pore volume, abundant pore structure, many surface adsorption functional groups and adsorption sites, and strong performance on removing target pollutants; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation, easy operation, low cost, high production efficiency, and convenience for large scale production. The provided modified magnetic sludge biological carbon is used to remove tetracycline hydrochloride in water for the first time, has the advantages of large adsorption amount, strong adsorption performance, high adsorption efficiency, simple and convenient operation, short processing period, low processing cost, and easy separation and recovery, and has a strong performance on removing tetracycline hydrochloride. The maximal balance adsorption amount can reach 253.8 mg / g. The performance of the biological carbon is obviously stronger than that of unmodified magnetic sludge biological carbon.

The invention belongs to the fields of materials and catalysis and relates to a preparation method of surface-modified g-C3N4. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, creatively carrying out direct high-temperature reaction on sodium halide, potassium halide or a mixture of sodium halide and potassium halide and g-C3N4; introducing water in the reaction process and enabling the modified g-C3N4 to contain hydroxide radicals; modifying corresponding metal ions on the surface of the modified g-C3N4. The method has the characteristics of simple operation, easiness in realization, low-priced and easily-obtained reaction raw materials, environment friendliness, high yield of the modified g-C3N4 and the like; in addition, abundant hydroxide radicals and porous structures on the surface of the modified g-C3N4 surface can generate abundant hydroxyl free radicals under visible light; the characteristics lay a foundation for actual application of the modified g-C3N4 in the field of photocatalysis.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biochar with catalytic activity by utilizing iron-containing excess sludge and a method for removing antibiotics, and belongs to the field of solid waste recycling and carbon material synthesis. The preparation method of the biochar comprises the following steps: carrying out dehydration and freeze thawing treatment on iron-containing excess sludge, mixing with polystyrene particles, dipping and activating with zinc chloride, then carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, and the like. According to the method for removing the antibiotics, the prepared biochar is adopted to activate peroxydisulfate to construct an advanced oxidation system to degrade typical antibiotics. The prepared biochar has a large specific surface area and a rich pore structure, contains a large number of iron catalytic active sites, has significantly improved efficiency in catalyzing peroxydisulfate to degrade antibiotics compared with the prior art, and has significantly reduced dosages of the biochar and an oxidizing agent. According to the invention, waste recycling can be realized, the purpose of treating waste with waste is achieved, and the method has remarkable environmental, economic and social benefits.

The invention relates to a negative electrode material of a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method of the negative electrode material. The negative electrode material comprises the following compositions based on mass: 5-10 parts of steady-state lithium powder, 3-7 parts of carbon material, 1 part of binding agent and a solvent. According to the preparation method, a mixture mixed by the steady-state lithium powder, carbon nanosphere / carbon nanotube and mesoporous carbon according to mass ratios of 5:2:1 is particularly selected as the carbon material in a negative electrode to prepare a negative electrode mixed paste, so that the negative electrode material of the lithium-sulfur battery has more excellent performance; the prepared battery according to the method is endowed with relatively small impedance, a shuttle effect and dendrite growth during the continuous charging / discharging process can be effectively reduced, and the battery shows batter cycle performance and rate performance than those of a conventional metal lithium foil.

A preparing method and application of a MCM-41 supported CuO-CeO2 nanocrystalline catalyst are disclosed. The method includes (1) preparing a support MCM-41, and (2) preparing a CuO-CeO2 / MCM-41 catalyst. The catalyst is used for catalytic combustion of low-concentration chlorobenzene. The prepared catalyst has characteristics of small active component dimension and uniform dispersion, has high activity for catalytic chlorobenzene combustion and good durability, and is a VOD degrading catalyst having a good application prospect and excellent performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of aluminum-iron composite microspheres which comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding aluminum hydroxide, triiron tetroxide and humic acid, adding with polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol solution and mixing, and applying spray drying to obtain aluminum-iron composite microspheres. The invention also discloses a preparation method of adsorption settling agent which comprises the following steps: mixing medical stone power, linen fiber, urea and sodium hydroxide until the mixture is neutral; filtering and cleaning the mixture with water, dryingand smashing the mixture, and then immersing the mixture in silicon dioxide suspension and mixing and drying the mixture by spray drying to obtain the prefabricated material; evenly mixing polyethylene oxide, sodium ferrate, montmorillonite, calcined kaolin, fruit shell charcoal, the prefabricated material and the aluminum-iron composite microspheres, adding active silica and sodium alginate, stirring evenly, and drying to obtain the adsorption settling agent. The invention also discloses the application of the adsorption settling agent.

The invention relates to a negative electrode material of a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method of the negative electrode material. The negative electrode material comprises the following compositions based on mass: 5-10 parts of steady-state lithium powder, 3-7 parts of carbon material, 1 part of binding agent and a solvent. According to the preparation method, a mixture mixed by the steady-state lithium powder, carbon nanosphere / carbon nanotube and mesoporous carbon according to mass ratios of 5:2:1 is particularly selected as the carbon material in a negative electrode to prepare a negative electrode mixed paste, so that the negative electrode material of the lithium-sulfur battery has more excellent performance; the prepared battery according to the method is endowed with relatively small impedance, a shuttle effect and dendrite growth during the continuous charging / discharging process can be effectively reduced, and the battery shows batter cycle performance and rate performance than those of a conventional metal lithium foil.

The invention relates to an active carbon supported felted nylon biocarrier, and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical filed of water treatment microorganism carriers. Active carbon is uniformly bonded to the surface of a felted nylon material through a binder, or / and is bonded in the pore structure of the felted nylon material in an inlay manner, and the felted nylon material has a planar surface and has a netted porous structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preprocessing the felted nylon material; dipping the processed felted nylon material in a binder; and uniformly loading the active carbon onto the binder dipped felted nylon material in order to form the active carbon supported felted nylon biocarrier. The active carbon supported felted nylon biocarrier can be used in sewage treatment as a microorganism carrier.

The invention discloses an amino acid organic fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The amino acid organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: wet garbage, sewage, soybean meal, fish meal, humic acid, bacillus, coconut shell and monopotassium phosphate. Amino acid compounds in the wet garbage are extracted, so that the amino acid in the wet garbage is fully utilized; and residues which are obtained after the amino acid is extracted from the wet garbage and the sewage are combined and fermented to prepare the organic fertilizer, the quality of the sludge serving as the organic fertilizer is improved, and the purposes of sewage and garbage treatment and application are achieved. The amino acid organic fertilizer can be applied to foliar fertilizer spraying, fertigation and soilless culture.

The invention belongs to the fields of materials and catalysis and relates to a preparation method of surface-modified g-C3N4. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, creatively carrying out direct high-temperature reaction on sodium halide, potassium halide or a mixture of sodium halide and potassium halide and g-C3N4; introducing water in the reaction process and enabling the modified g-C3N4 to contain hydroxide radicals; modifying corresponding metal ions on the surface of the modified g-C3N4. The method has the characteristics of simple operation, easiness in realization, low-priced and easily-obtained reaction raw materials, environment friendliness, high yield of the modified g-C3N4 and the like; in addition, abundant hydroxide radicals and porous structures on the surface of the modified g-C3N4 surface can generate abundant hydroxyl free radicals under visible light; the characteristics lay a foundation for actual application of the modified g-C3N4 in the field of photocatalysis.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a covalent organic framework / carbon nitride composite material and application thereof. Firstly, a covalent organic framework material is synthesized byusing p-phenylenediamine and triformyl phloroglucinol as synthetic monomers through a room-temperature solid-phase method, then the covalent organic framework material and carbon nitride are mixed, stirred and dried in methyl alcohol, and pyrolysis is carried out under the protection of inert gas to obtain a target product. The covalent organic framework / carbon nitride composite material disclosed by the invention is large in specific surface area, high in nitrogen doping amount and rich in pore structure and can effectively remove toxic organic pollutants in water by constructing a novel Fenton-like system, and new application of the covalent organic framework material in the field of catalysis is expanded; unavoidable metal ion leaching in the activating process of a metal nano catalystis overcome; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, easiness for repeated operation, controllable structure, suitability for large-scale production and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of butterfly-tie-shaped cerium dioxide, and relates to the preparation method of the cerium dioxide. The preparation method aims to solve the technical problems that the morphology of the cerium dioxide prepared by preparation methods in the prior art is mainly rod-shaped, line-shaped, tube-shaped and spherical. The preparation method comprises the following steps: first, mixing Ce(NO3)3.6H2O and L-cysteine, adding into distilled water and stirring until the Ce(NO3)3.6H2O and the L-cysteine are completely dissolved, then adding NaOH, and continuing to stir for 30 min to obtain a mixed liquid; and second, transferring the mixed liquid into a reaction kettle for reaction, naturally cooling to the room temperature, washing a sample with the distilled water until the sample being free of impurity, filtering, drying, and then calcining, thus obtaining the butterfly-tie-shaped cerium dioxide. The butterfly-tie-shaped cerium dioxide prepared by the preparation method is butterfly-tie-shaped, and both ends of the butterfly-tie-shaped cerium dioxide are bound-branch-shaped, the sample has complete morphology, the size is about 18 [mu]m, the size distribution is uniform, both ends of the sample are multilevel structures, and have pore structures. The preparation method belongs to the field of preparation of oxides.

The invention relates to the technical field of biochar preparation, in particular to a preparation method of ferromagnetism-rich biochar and application of the ferromagnetism-rich biochar in adsorption of heavy metal pollution. And immersing the magnetic biochar in a FeCl3 solution, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7-12 under a stirring condition, standing at room temperature for 24-36 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain the ferromagnetism-rich biochar. The modified biochar provided by the invention can realize synchronous and stable remediation of soil heavy metal Cd-As combined pollution. The modified biochar is higher in applicability, and the ferromagnetism-rich biochar still has a better stabilizing effect on Cd-As under the condition of different water contents of soil; after freezing and thawing, the effective state content of Cd-As in the soil can still be reduced by more than 30%.

The invention discloses a method for in situ fixation of vanadium ore polluted soil by modified charcoal and belongs to the technical field of soil in-situ remediation. The method comprises the following steps: 1, after harvested plants in vanadium ore polluted sites are pretreated, the pretreated plants are subjected to pyrolysis at 450-550 DEG C under the nitrogen protection, the pyrolysis time lasts for 30 min, then nitrogen is introduced continuously, the mixture I is cooled to room temperature to obtain solid particles, and the solid particles are cleaned and then dried at 60 DEG C to obtain charcoal particles for standby application; 2, calcium hydrophosphate is dissolved in dilute nitric acid with the mass concentration being 5%, calcium hydrophosphate and the dilute nitric acid are sufficiently mixed according to the the molar ratio of (1-3):1; 3, the charcoal particles are added in a calcium hydrophosphate-nitric acid mixing system according to the fact that 1 g of charcoal particles are added into 40-60 ml of calcium hydrophosphate-nitric acid mixing system, and ultrasonic treatment is performed for 20 min; 4, the mixture II is filtered, and the filtered substance is cleaned and dried at 55 DEG C to obtain modified charcoal; 5, the modified charcoal is sufficiently mixed with soil samples at the mass ratio of 1%-3%, the soil field capacity is kept to be 60%, and maintenance is carried out for 30 days. A soil leaching experiment result shows that compared with the leaching toxicities of heavy metals namely V, Cr and Pb of soil which is not fixed by modified charcoal, the leaching toxicities of heavy metals namely V, Cr and Pb of the soil fixed by modified charcoal are respectively reduced by 70%, 50% and 35%.

The invention relates to the technical field of cigarettes, in particular to a tobacco additive and the application thereof. The tobacco additive is prepared from the following raw materials in partsby weight: 8-45 parts of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerol, and 1-5 parts of tobacco extract. The tobacco additive provided by the invention effectively inhibits the sweet greasy feeling of smoke caused by the addition of PG and VG, greatly enhances the smoking taste, and improves the fragrance during smoking. Therefore, the smoke is softer.