The application discloses a
dumbbell-shaped Janus
solid base catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The
dumbbell-shaped Janus
solid base catalyst is prepared through the following steps: first,
polystyrene latex is prepared through an
emulsion polymerization method; then, core-shell structure chlorinated
polystyrene particles are obtained by using a seed
emulsion polymerization method to polymerize on the
polystyrene particles; next, the
dumbbell-shaped
Janus particles are obtained by using a seed swelling
polymerization method with the chlorinated polystyrene particles as seeds; finally, the dumbbell-shaped Janus
solid base catalyst is obtained through
amination. The method avoids the problem of poor stability of the spherical
solid base catalyst, one half of the dumbbell-shaped Janus is hydrophobic pure polystyrene, and the other half is amphiphilic due to the unilateral
grafting of the
organic base, thereby effectively improving the stability of the particles. Meanwhile, the catalyst is easy to separate, and the
reusability of the catalyst is effectively improved. The prepared
solid base catalyst can be used in the reaction of ester exchange for preparing
biodiesel, and has the characteristics of
high activity and simple
recovery and separation.