Method of leaching valuable metal from waste lithium ion battery and synchronously conducting defluorination
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A technology of lithium-ion batteries and valuable metals, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, etc., can solve problems such as adverse effects of separation processes, and achieve the effects of low fluorine content, increased acid consumption, and strong operability
Inactive Publication Date: 2020-11-20
CHANGSHA RES INST OF MINING & METALLURGY
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However, during the recycling and utilization of lithium-ion batteries, chemical reactions such as decomposition and hydrolysis can occur when the electrolyte lithium hexafluorophosphate contacts with acid, alkali, water or is heated, and fluorine-containing compounds are produced and remain in the electrode powder. The binder PVDF pretreatment The roasting process can also decompose and produce fluorides left in the electrode powder. These fluorine-containing compounds left in the electrode powder will enter the leaching solution along with the valuable metals during the acid leaching process. Process produces adverse effects
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Embodiment 1
[0022] A method for leaching valuable metals synchronous defluorination from waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0023] First discharge the ternary lithium-ion battery monomer and remove the shell, volatilize the electrolyte, then take out the inner core and break it, and then sort the mixed material of positive and negative electrodes, and vacuum crack the mixed material at 400°C , and further remove the electrolyte, binder and other organic matter to obtain electrode powder. The main components of the electrode powder are Ni33.49%, Co12.36%, Mn14.22%, Li7.45%, F3.89%.
[0024] Take 100.0g of electrode powder, add 15.0ml of water and 27.7ml of 98% sulfuric acid, mix evenly, and then put it in a drying oven at 120°C for 3.0h. Water, 40.0ml 30% hydrogen peroxide, stirred and leached at 60°C for 2.0h, and then filtered to obtain 995ml low fluorine content valuable metal leachate. The main components of the low fluorine content ...
Embodiment 2
[0029] A method for leaching valuable metals synchronous defluorination from waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0030] First, the 18650 type lithium cobalt oxide battery is discharged, disassembled, crushed, and sorted to obtain a positive and negative electrode mixture, and the mixture is oxidized and roasted at 600 ° C to remove organic substances such as electrolyte and binder. Obtain electrode powder. The main components of the electrode powder are Co 20.13, Li 3.87%, and F 4.58%.
[0031] Take 100.0g of electrode powder, add 10.0ml of water and 18.0ml of 90% sulfuric acid, mix well, and then put it in a drying oven at 150°C for 5.0h of heat preservation. After the aging is completed, add 78.0ml of 90% sulfuric acid, 650ml Water and 50.0ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide were stirred and leached at 80°C for 3.0h, and then filtered to obtain 795ml of leaching solution of valuable metals with low fluorine content. The main compon...
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Abstract
The invention provides a method of leaching valuable metal from a waste lithium ion battery and synchronously conducting defluorination. The method specifically comprises the steps that the waste lithium ion battery is pretreated, electrode powder materials are obtained, the electrode powder materials, water and concentrated sulfuric acid are evenly mixed, curing treatment is conducted, the temperature of the curing treatment is controlled to range from 50 DEG C to 200 DEG C, the time of the curing treatment is controlled to range from 1.0h to 24.0h, a leaching agent is added to a cured material to conduct leaching operation after the curing treatment is accomplished, filtering operation is conducted after leaching operation is accomplished, and low-fluorine-content valuable metal leachateis obtained. According to the method, removal of fluorine in the electrode powder and leaching operation of the valuable metal are organically combined, the curing defluorination step is added beforeacid pickling operation of the electrode powder is conducted, namely, part of concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the electrode powder to conduct curing defluorination, then part of concentrated sulfuric acid is supplemented and added to the defluorinated electrode powder to conduct leaching operation, and the two processes are closely connected. Compared with a conventional acid pickling technology, the method has the advantages that the acid consumption is not increased, the technological cost is low, the operability is high, the fluorine content of the obtained valuable metal leachate is low, and the industrial production is easily achieved.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of resource recovery of waste lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for synchronous defluorination of valuable metals from waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of large capacity, high energy density, no memory, and small self-discharge. Since their inception, they have developed rapidly and have been widely used in portable consumer electronics markets such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and mobile power supplies, as well as in the new energy vehicle industry. At present, my country has become the world's largest producer of lithium-ion batteries. [0003] After a certain number of cycles of charging and discharging, the active material of the lithium-ion battery will be deactivated and scrapped due to structural changes, and its service life is generally 3 to 5 years. In recent years, with the rapid development of the new ene...
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