Waste lithium battery pyrolysis recycling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste lithium battery pyrolysis recycling method. The waste lithium battery pyrolysis recycling method sequentially comprises the steps of conducting electric discharge, conducting mechanical crushing, conducting filtering separation, conducting pyrolysis, wherein waste battery primary raw materials are conveyed into a multi-hearth furnace and undergo multi-stage multi-grade pyrolysis gradually from top to bottom, water, electrolyte, adhesion agent and diaphragms are removed, and finally pyrolysis materials are discharged from the bottom of the multi-hearth furnace;conducting wet screening, wherein the pyrolysis materials are screened and sorted through a wet screening device, and then positive electrode and negative electrode mixed black powder and copper sheetand aluminum sheet mixed materials are obtained correspondingly; conducting flotation, wherein the positive electrode and negative electrode mixed black powder are separated by means of a flotation agent, so that a positive electrode active material and a graphite powder material are obtained; and conducting shaking separation, wherein a metal sorting machine is used for sorting the copper sheetand aluminum sheet mixed materials into a copper material and an aluminum material. After the waste lithium batteries are mechanically crushed in a one-off manner, layered pyrolysis is conducted through the multi-hearth furnace, and then the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material, the copper sheets and the aluminum sheets are separated out correspondingly through wet screening, flotation and shaking separation; and then respective sorting and recycling of the useful battery materials are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, in particular to a pyrolysis recycling method for waste lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] With its advantages of high specific energy, high specific power, long life, good safety performance and environmental friendliness, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in the fields of electronics, communications, aerospace, modern weaponry and automobiles, and the usage is increasing rapidly. formed a large-scale market. [0003] The lifespan of lithium-ion batteries is usually between 500 and 1000 times. After hundreds of times of use (usually 2 to 3 years), the electrodes will expand, the capacity will decrease, and even be scrapped. The rapid replacement of electronic, communication and other equipment has also shortened the life of lithium-ion batteries, making them scrapped in advance. However, my country is a big country in the production and consumption of lithiu...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The recovery rate of physical separation is very low, and the safety factor of the operating environment is low; wet recovery is to use concentrated acid and organic solvent to dissolve the metal in the battery, and after material separation, nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, manganese sulfate, etc. are prepared. The requirements for pretreatment and separation of waste batteries are increased, and the residual acid and organic solvents in this wet recovery method are expensive to deal with, and are likely to cause secondary pollution to the environment

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