Preparation method of dual-element Pt/PdPt/Pt sandwich tube wall porous nanotube and porous nanotube

Abstract

The invention provides a porous nanotube with a rough surface and a dual-element Pt / PdPt / Pt interlayer tube wall and a preparation method of the porous nanotube. The Kirkendall effect is used for enabling platinum ions to generate a nucleation phenomenon on the surface of a palladium nanowire, internal palladium is gradually removed through gaps of a deposition layer, and then the hollow PdPt nanotube with the outer diameter being 8.6 nm and the wall thickness being about 2.2 nm is formed; the nanotube is further processed to form an interlayer structure with a tube wall element of Pt / PdPt / Pt. According to the product PdPt nanotube, the platinum element can be fully exposed on the inner side and the outer side of the nanotube wall, the utilization rate of platinum in the material is greatly increased, the tube wall interlayer contains the PdPt double elements, and the catalytic reaction activity is greatly improved through the stress and strain effect between the double metals. When the catalyst is used as a fuel cell cathode reaction catalyst, the reaction activity of the catalyst is greatly improved in an oxygen reduction reaction, the active specific surface area ECSA of the catalyst is 1.46 times that of commercial Pt / C sold in the market, the mass activity (MA) of the catalyst is 14.3 times that of the commercial Pt / C, and the actual specific activity (SA) of the catalyst is 9.64 times that of the commercial Pt / C.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a bimetallic layered porous nanotube, in particular to a method for preparing a porous nanotube whose tube wall is a Pt / PdPt / Pt sandwich structure, and the porous nanotube prepared by the method. [0002] technical background [0003] With the rapid development of science and technology, the consumption of resources in human production and life is gradually increasing, many natural resources are gradually scarce, and at the same time, the pollution of the environment is becoming more and more serious. Among them, the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust produced by traditional automobiles cannot be ignored. At present, electric vehicles using proton exchange membrane fuel cells as energy devices have gradually entered people's field of vision and developed rapidly. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have both high power density, Many advantages such as easy storage and zero emission can not only sol...

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Problems solved by technology

For example: Shouheng Sun and Shaojun Guo et al. (J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011, 133, 15354-15357) prepared ultrafine FePtPd nanowires by thermal decomposition method, and their methanol Oxidation peak cluster 0.665V (Pt nanoparticles) decreased to 0.614V (FePtPd nanowires), but the stability of the catalyst was not significantly improved

Subsequently, Hongwen Huang and LeiGao et al. (J.Am.Chem.Soc.2019, 141, 18083-18090) used a two-step method to first synthesize platinum nanowires in oleylamine solvent, and then carry out gallium-platinum hybridization on the platinum nanowires. Platinum-gallium nanowires were chemically prepared, and its catalytic performance was tens of times that of commercial platinum-carbon. Due to the unconventional p-d hybridization of platinum and gallium, its cycle stability was measured after 30,000 cycle voltage tests. 15.8% lower

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