Method for recovering platinum group metals from metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst

A technology of automobile exhaust gas and metal carrier, which is applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, can solve the problems of high energy consumption of total dissolved substances, low recovery rate of ultrasonic-acid leaching, etc., and achieves high direct yield, low cost, and enrichment multiple. high effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-08-24
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING +1
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption and low ultrasonic-acid leaching recovery rate of the existing metal carrier waste vehicle exhaust catalyst recovery process, the present invention proposes a low-cost, high-efficiency and green method for stripping platinum group metals. Melt or alkali dissolves the aluminum oxide coating on the surface of the metal carrier, and directly strips and enriches platinum group metals without dissolving the metal carrier

Method used

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  • Method for recovering platinum group metals from metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] Cut metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst into 1cm 2 The flakes were mixed with sodium hydroxide at a mass ratio of 0.5:1, and the mixture was roasted at 600°C for 240min. The calcined product was dissolved at 30°C with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 to obtain PGMs-enriched materials and metal supports, and the dissolution time was 180 min. Use aqua regia to dissolve PGMs at 80°C, and then use 732 cation exchange resin to remove Fe in PGMs solution 3+ 、Al 3+ 、Na + and other impurity ions.

[0038] The purified PGMs solution adjusted H + The concentration is 0.1mol / L, extract Pd with diisoamyl sulfide, the volume ratio of organic phase to solution is 0.5:1, and the extraction temperature is 20°C; then use 0.1mol / L ammonia water for back extraction, repeat extraction 4 times, and finally reduce with formaldehyde Get 99.99% Pd. Adjust the Pd raffinate H + The concentration is 2.0mol / L, Pt is extracted with tributyl phosphate, the volume ratio of organic ph...

Embodiment 2

[0040] Cut metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst into 5cm 2 The flakes were mixed with potassium hydroxide at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the mixture was roasted at 700°C for 200min. The calcined product was dissolved at 50°C with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 to obtain PGMs-enriched materials and metal supports, and the dissolution time was 140 min. Use aqua regia to dissolve PGMs at 90°C, and use 732 cation exchange resin to remove Fe in PGMs solution 3+ 、Al 3+ 、Na + and other impurity ions.

[0041] The purified PGMs solution adjusted H + Concentration 0.5mol / L, extract Pd with diisoamyl sulfide, organic phase to solution volume ratio 1:1, extraction temperature 30°C; then back extraction with 0.5mol / L ammonia water, repeated extraction 4 times, and finally reduction with formaldehyde Get 99.99% Pd. Adjust the Pd raffinate H + Concentration of 3.0mol / L, Pt was extracted with tributyl phosphate, the volume ratio of organic phase to solution was 3:1, and the ex...

Embodiment 3

[0043] Cut metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst into 10cm 2 The flakes were mixed with sodium carbonate at a mass ratio of 3:1, and the mixture was roasted at 800°C for 120min. The calcined product was dissolved at 30°C with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5 to obtain PGMs-enriched materials and metal supports, and the dissolution time was 180 min. Use aqua regia to dissolve PGMs at 95 °C, and then use 732 cation exchange resin to remove Fe in PGMs solution 3+ 、Al 3+ 、Na + and other impurity ions.

[0044] The purified PGMs solution adjusted H + Concentration 2.0mol / L, extract Pd with diisoamyl sulfide, organic phase to solution volume ratio 2:1, extraction temperature 60°C; then back extraction with 2.0mol / L ammonia water, repeated extraction 4 times, and finally reduction with formaldehyde Get 99.99% Pd. Adjust the Pd raffinate H + Concentration of 5.0mol / L, Pt was extracted with tributyl phosphate, the volume ratio of organic phase to solution was 5:1, and th...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs), and provides a method for recovering platinum group metals from a metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: crushing and shearing the metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalyst into sheets; then carrying out alkali fusion or alkali dissolution on the sheet-shaped waste catalyst to selectively dissolve an Al2O3 coating; achieving efficient separation of a metal carrier, PGMs and the Al2O3 coating; washing the sheet-shaped metal carrier for sale; and separating and purifying PGMs enrichment to obtain Pt, Pd and Rh products with the purity being 99.99% or above. The method realizes efficient recovery of PGMs without dissolving a carrier, has the characteristics of low material and energy consumption, high recovery rate of PGMs, low cost and the like, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of regenerated platinum group metals, in particular to a method for recovering platinum group metals from metal carrier waste automobile exhaust catalysts. [0002] technical background [0003] As one of the largest application fields of platinum group metals, automobile exhaust catalyst consumes 45% platinum, 65% palladium and 85% rhodium every year. Therefore, waste automobile exhaust catalysts are also the most important secondary resources of platinum group metals. my country is the country with the largest automobile production and ownership. In 2020, the number of motor vehicles in my country will exceed 350 million, and the number of scrapped vehicles will be about 10 million. The resources of PGMs will reach 15-20 tons, and the economic value will exceed 10 billion yuan. [0004] The main methods for recycling platinum group metals from scrapped automobile exhaust catalysts include plasma smelting, pyrochlori...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B1/02C22B11/02C22B11/00C22B3/34C22B3/38B22F9/22
CPCC22B7/001C22B1/02C22B7/006C22B7/008C22B11/026C22B11/048C22B7/007C22B7/002B22F9/22Y02P10/20
Inventor 丁云集张深根
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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