Microcosm system for river crab culture and risk evaluation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and safety risk evaluation, and discloses a microcosm system for river crab culture and risk evaluation, and the microcosm system for river crab culture and risk evaluation comprises a river crab culture subsystem, a water quality monitoring subsystem, an automatic regulation and control subsystem, and a full-period management subsystem. The invention particularly relates to a breeding device which gives consideration to fishery value, scientific research value and ornamental value and is used for safe breeding of river crabs and risk evaluation of the breeding process. The microcosm system for river crab breeding and risk prevention and control is multifunctional, digitized and automatic, river crab breeding conditions can be controlled, management efficiency can be enhanced, and then the purpose of high-yield and high-efficiency breeding of river crabs is achieved. Through unitized and refined breeding, the breeding density can be controlled, and the state of the river crabs can be determined, so that fixed-point and accurate feeding of feed and medicaments in the breeding process is realized; through real-time monitoring, the water quality is automatically regulated and controlled, and the quality and yield of river crab products are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and safety risk assessment, and in particular relates to a microcosm system for river crab cultivation and risk assessment. Background technique [0002] At present, river crab is the most important freshwater crab in my country. Its meat is tender, delicious, and extremely nutritious, and is deeply loved by consumers. Due to the strong adaptability and wide range of breeding of river crabs, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the annual production and consumption of river crabs have increased year by year, and they have become high-quality economic varieties of freshwater fisheries in my country. However, my country's fresh water resources are scarce, and drinking water for humans and animals and agricultural water need to be guaranteed first. River crab breeding is restricted by the amount of water resources used. In addition, the traditional river crab farming mod...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The composition of the water body is complex, and the change of water quality is a complicated process. The water quality indicators involved include water temperature, acidity and alkalinity, dissolved oxygen content, NH 4 + -N level, etc. Intuition and experience cannot meet the requirements of fine management

[0005] (2) Lack of monitoring of sediment status

The bottom mud is the main habitat of river crabs, but the traditional river crab farming model does not know the pollution status of the bottom mud except for the addition of bottom quality modifiers, and there are few effective measures to deal with bottom mud pollution

[0006] (3) The breeding density of river crabs is uncertain

After the last batch of river crab breeding, no thorough pond cleaning measures were taken, resulting in the actual density being higher than the stocking density

In addition, crabs may aggregate during the breeding process, resulting in uneven spatial distribution of crab density

[0007] (4) There is a lot of feed waste in the breeding process

These chemicals may remain and accumulate in river crabs, which will become a safety hazard for crab farming

[0009] (6) Lack of understanding of the carrying capacity of aquaculture water bodies can easily cause damage to the ecological environment

Due to the lack of effective management and the blind expansion of the breeding scale in the process of river crab breeding, the breeding density is too high, which far exceeds the bearing capacity of the breeding water body and aggravates the deterioration of water quality.

In addition, due to the residues and debris produced by excessive feed feeding, river crab excrement, residues of abused chemicals, etc., the circulation of water body material flow and energy flow is blocked or disordered, resulting in water body pollution.

When nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus accumulate excessively, the traditional river crab farming model may also cause eutrophication of the water body, causing serious ecological environment damage

[0010] (7) The risk of river crab farming cannot be prevented and controlled in time

[0013] (1) The traditional river crab farming model is relatively extensive, without fully considering the carrying capacity of the water body, and the high-density, high-feeding, and high-residue farming management methods lead to increasing pressure on water environment pollution in river crab farming areas

[0014] (2) The water quality management of the traditional river crab farming model usually relies on the experience and knowledge of the farmers, but the components in the water body are complex, and intuitive experience cannot meet the requirements of fine management

[0015] (3) In the traditional river crab culture mode, there is no monitoring of the bottom sediment, the density of river crab culture is uncertain, there is a lot of waste of feed during the culture process, and a variety of chemicals are fed during the culture process of river crabs, and there is a lack of understanding of the carrying capacity of the cultured water body. The risk of river crab farming cannot be prevented and controlled in time

First of all, it is necessary to realize real-time monitoring and accurate quantification of the water quality of the aquaculture environment, while the traditional river crab aquaculture model involves complex systems, many variables, and difficult environmental monitoring; secondly, it is necessary to comprehensively plan the river crab model and prepare corresponding infrastructure , to ensure the effective control of the breeding environment; thirdly, it is necessary to take into account the purification and reuse of breeding wastewater to achieve the goal of effective protection of the ecological environment and ecological optimization; finally, risks in large-scale farming should be discovered as early as possible to avoid losses as soon as possible

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