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High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, composite material thereof, liquid-state assembly preparation method and application thereof

A composite material and aluminum alloy technology, which is applied in the field of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy and its composite materials, and its liquid assembly preparation, can solve the problem of reducing material plasticity, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance, high laser manufacturing costs and maintenance costs, and external field effects Unable to focus on liquid-solid interface and other issues, to achieve the effect of low cost, small temperature gradient and fast cooling speed

Active Publication Date: 2022-05-06
SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV +1
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  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, from the perspective of industrial application, there are still technical bottlenecks that are difficult to overcome in the preparation of nanocrystalline materials using existing additive manufacturing technologies.
The reasons are: (1) Grain refinement limit: laser 3D printing has a high cooling rate, and the grain size can reach 1-2 microns, but due to the need for local melting of the heat source, the melting zone has a very high temperature during the cooling process. The temperature gradient of the injection molding technology can be better controlled, but the cooling rate is slightly lower than that of 3D printing, and the grain size can only be fine. (2) Production cost: The powder size of laser 3D printing is tens of microns, which is expensive, and its products are about 10 times the price of traditional ingots. At the same time, the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the laser are also Higher; (3) Ingot size and production efficiency: laser 3D printing generally adopts the method of powder coating and sintering, and the thickness of each layer of powder coating is 30-50 microns. It takes about 2 days to print a casting with a height of 200mm. Large ingots, this production efficiency is unacceptable; (4) Inherent defects of new technologies: the core of laser 3D printing and spray molding lies in the regional sintering of semi-solid materials, and a large number of loose defects are easily formed during the ingot preparation process. Defects cannot be avoided because they are subject to the principle of technical defects, which will greatly reduce the plasticity, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance of the material
However, from the perspective of practical application, even if the power of the external field equipment is large, it is difficult for the physical method to produce a good refinement effect. The reason is that the external field effect is dispersed and cannot be concentrated at the liquid-solid interface.

Method used

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  • High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, composite material thereof, liquid-state assembly preparation method and application thereof
  • High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, composite material thereof, liquid-state assembly preparation method and application thereof
  • High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, composite material thereof, liquid-state assembly preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0047] The application provides a liquid assembly preparation method of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy and its composite material, which includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Preparation of high temperature melt

[0049] According to the requirements of the product, the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy is smelted and purified, and then the aluminum alloy melt is kept warm for use. Specifically, an induction melting furnace can be used to melt aluminum alloy, perform online degassing and purification treatment, and then transfer the aluminum alloy melt to a crucible for heat preservation for later use.

[0050] For example, as a typical non-limiting example, the chemical composition of the Al-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy used includes: Si: ≤ 0.20%, Fe: ≤ 0.15%, Cu: 2.0-6.0%, Mn: 0.2 -1.2%, Mg:0.4-1.8%, Cr:≤0.10%, Zn:0.1-0.3%, Ti:0.02-0.15%, Zr:≤0.25%, Al: balance.

[0051] As a typical non-limiting example, the chemical composition of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum a...

Embodiment 1

[0078] Base material: Al-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy is smelted in an induction melting furnace, and the high-temperature melt temperature is Tm+20°C to obtain a uniform and purified high-temperature aluminum alloy melt.

[0079] Al-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy prefabricated block is used, the thickness of the prefabricated block is 10cm, the shape is a groove structure, and the groove depth is 5cm; the aluminum alloy prefabricated block is preheated by a heating furnace, and the preheating temperature is 300°C. Finally, the prefabricated block is installed on the condenser on the three-dimensional motion platform; 20 nozzles with an aperture of 0.8mm arranged in an array are used, and the distance between any two adjacent nozzles is 10mm.

[0080] The liquid assembly process is as follows: under the impact pressure of the melt is 5Mpa, and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is -50kPa, the high-temperature melt is ejected from the crucible through multiple nozzles, and impacts o...

Embodiment 2

[0083] Base material: Al-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy is smelted in an induction melting furnace, and the high-temperature melt temperature is Tm+30°C to obtain a uniform and purified high-temperature aluminum alloy melt.

[0084] Al-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy prefabricated block is used, the thickness of the prefabricated block is 20cm, the shape is a groove structure, and the groove depth is 10cm; the aluminum alloy prefabricated block is preheated by a heating furnace, and the preheating temperature is 450°C. Finally, the prefabricated block is installed on the condenser on the three-dimensional motion platform; 40 nozzles with a diameter of 1.2mm arranged in an array are used, and the distance between any two adjacent nozzles is 10mm.

[0085] The liquid assembly process is as follows: under the impact pressure of the melt is 20Mpa, and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum chamber is -150kPa, the high-temperature melt is ejected from the crucible through multiple nozzles, and impacts...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, a composite material of the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, a liquid-state assembly preparation method and application of the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy The liquid assembly preparation method comprises the steps that high-temperature melt is impacted to a prefabricated block placed in a vacuum cavity under the pressure effect to obtain an aluminum alloy molten pool, and the aluminum alloy molten pool is cooled and solidified to form a semi-solid zone cladding layer; performing three-dimensional motion on the precast block, and impacting the high-temperature melt to the surface of the cladding layer of the semi-solid region again at a preset time interval; and circularly impacting layer by layer until the high-toughness aluminum alloy and the composite material thereof are formed. According to the method, due to small temperature gradient and high cooling speed, a congruent-axis fine grain structure with uniform alloy component distribution and uniform grain size is favorably formed. And the method is high in preparation efficiency, low in cost and obvious in technical advantage. The prepared high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy and the composite material thereof have an ultra-fine grain structure solidification structure, alloy component distribution is uniform, and the grain size is uniform.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength and tough aluminum alloy and its composite material, its liquid assembly preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The performance of metal materials is closely related to the grain size, and grain refinement is the only technical way to simultaneously improve the strength and plasticity of metal materials. Obtaining nanocrystals, ultrafine crystals, and fine crystals is a universal method to double the strength of various metal materials, and it is an important direction for the development of metal materials in the future. So far, the grain size of large-scale metal material products can only be 10 microns, and there is no method to control the grain size of large-scale metal structure materials with engineering value at the nanometer scale, and the performance of metal materials is far away. Its upper limit has not been reached....

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B22D23/00C22C21/16C22C21/10C22C32/00C22C49/06
CPCB22D23/00C22C21/16C22C21/14C22C21/10C22C32/00C22C49/06Y02P10/25
Inventor 张佼姜海涛东青邢辉
Owner SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV