Heavy oil hydrogenation reaction system and heavy oil hydrogenation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy oil hydrogenation reaction system and a heavy oil hydrogenation method. The system comprises a micro-mixing zone and a heavy oil hydrogenation reaction zone, wherein the micro-mixing zone is used for mixing diluent oil and hydrogen to obtain hydrogen-carrying fluid; and a hydrogen-carrying fluid distribution assembly is arranged above the catalyst bed layer in the heavy oil hydrogenation reaction zone. The heavy oil hydrogenation reaction method comprises the following steps: (1) enabling diluent oil and part of hydrogen to enter microchannels among fibers in the microchannel assembly, and continuously cutting the diluent oil and part of hydrogen by the fibers for multiple times to form hydrogen-carrying fluid; (2) the heavy oil raw material and part of hydrogen enter from the bottom of the reactor, the mixed material enters from bottom to top, the hydrogen-carrying fluid enters a catalyst bed from top to bottom, and the two materials are in countercurrent contact and subjected to hydrogenation reaction. According to the invention, the reaction rate and conversion depth of heavy oil hydrogenation are improved, carbon deposition and coking on the surface of the catalyst are inhibited, and long-period operation of a heavy oil hydrogenation reaction system at low hydrogen-oil ratio and high space velocity is ensured.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of heavy oil hydrogenation, and in particular relates to a heavy oil hydrogenation reaction system and a heavy oil hydrogenation method. Background technique [0002] With the trend of crude oil becoming heavier, the market's increasing demand for light fuel oil and the increasing environmental protection requirements, refineries are paying more and more attention to the technology of reducing heavy oil. Heavy oil lightening methods include thermal cracking and hydroconversion. Due to the low yield of heavy oil thermal cracking light oil, hydroconversion can use catalysts to reduce the activation energy of hydrogenation reaction and increase the rate of heavy oil hydroconversion. Due to the poor quality of heavy oil, the high content of impurities and non-ideal components, the processing is difficult. It is necessary to chemically react heavy oil and hydrogen under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The purpose of the present invention is to prolong the operation period of the heavy oil hydrotreating unit, but the fixed bed hydrotreating produces oil and then converts it through ebullated bed hydrocracking, which not only has complicated process flow, but also requires high energy consumption and investment.

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