The invention belongs to the technical field of equipment digital modeling, and particularly relates to an equipment digital main line construction method based on a product
decomposition structure. The method comprises the steps that an aircraft forward research and development global
data architecture based on an aircraft product
decomposition structure is constructed, the aircraft product
decomposition structure is decomposed into a multi-layer structure according to aircraft products, and each layer comprises a demand transmission data chain, a product research and development data chain and a demand
verification data chain; aiming at a demand transfer process, determining a demand transfer relationship of each level, and running through a demand transfer
data link of each level from top to bottom; for a product research and development process, determining an interaction relationship among a task domain, a scheme domain, a product domain, a manufacturing domain and a guarantee domain of each level, and establishing a product research and development data chain penetrating through the whole process; and for the demand
verification process, establishing a demand
verification data link communicating the demand verification method, the demand verification task, the demand verification scene and the demand verification result. According to the method, global association analysis of aircraft research and development full-process model data can be realized.