Technology of heavy oil floating bed hydrocracking

Abstract

A new heavy oil suspended bed hydrocracking process, the hydrocracking reactor used in the process is a full back-mixing loop reactor, and a fixed-bed hydrofinishing reactor matched with it is attached. The catalyst used in this process is a catalyst compounded by iron-nickel-manganese-molybdenum-cobalt and other multi-metal water-soluble salts, and its co-catalyst is a water-soluble sulfur-containing compound. Multiple cyclone separators are installed in the product separation system, thereby greatly reducing the solid content of circulating tail oil and vacuum tail oil. The process also has a solvent separation system, and the residue obtained from the bottom of the cyclone separator can be further processed for solvent treatment and catalyst recovery. This process has a high conversion rate and distillate oil yield and very good naphtha and diesel products for the treatment of inferior heavy oil and its atmospheric pressure and vacuum residue.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a new heavy oil suspended bed hydrogenation process using a liquid catalyst compounded by various metal water-soluble salts, which belongs to the improvement of the heavy oil lightening process in the petroleum processing process. It is mainly through the use of suspended bed hydrocracking loop (or empty cylinder) reactor, suspended bed highly dispersed polymetallic water-soluble salt compound catalyst, fixed bed online hydrofining reactor and raw material residue, catalyst, co-catalyst The online multi-stage shear pump mixing and low temperature vulcanization system. In the product separation system, multiple sets of cyclone separators, solvent treatment and catalyst recovery processes are used, thereby greatly improving the yield of heavy oil lightening, product quality and reducing the cost of catalysts. Background technique: [0002] At present, the research on the suspension bed hydrogenation process is very active in th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the research on the suspension bed hydrogenation process is very active in the world. There are more than ten kinds of processes in the stage of pilot test and industrial demonstration device, and some of them have the conditions for industrialization, but these processes have their own shortcomings. For example, ① Germany developed VCC (VEBA-Combi-Cracking) process, which uses red mud (an iron-containing solid or Bayer material) and lignite fine coke powder as a catalyst. This process not only has a high reaction pressure (30-75Mpa) but also a catalyst Large dosage (the amount added is about 5% of the raw material)

②The Micro-Cat process developed by Exxon Company in the United States mainly uses phosphomolybdic acid and molybdenum naphthenate as catalysts. Although the dispersion and activity of the catalysts are relatively high, it is still in the small test stage (1 barrel / day) ) and the cost of the catalyst is very high, and the economic benefit is not high

③The HDH process developed by INTEVEP company in Venezuela uses a cheap natural ore in Venezuela as a catalyst after being crushed and ground. %), and the separation system of the solid matter of the catalyst and the unconverted tail oil is complicated, and the ore is limited to the unique

④ CANMET process in Canada, the catalyst used in this process is FeSO 4 ·H 2 O, the addition amount is relatively large (1-5%), and the desulfurization and denitrification rate of this process is not high, the product quality is not good enough, and there are also problems in the separation of catalysis and unreacted tail oil

The coke suppression effect is good, and an industrial demonstration device has been built at present, but the reaction pressure of this process is still high (20-22Mpa), and the investment cost of the device is relatively high

⑥In addition, there are currently other processes in the world such as: the MRH process jointly developed by Japan's Idemitsu Corporation and the American Kellogg Company; the Aurabon process developed by the American UOP Company; In the small-scale test stage, some catalysts use a large amount, some use solid catalysts, some catalysts are expensive, and the reaction pressure is high, and most of the catalysts used in these processes are single catalysts or 1 to 2 catalysts. The vast majority of raw materials are sour crude oil, and these processes have poor adaptability to low-sulfur crude oil residue raw materials

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