Porous superfine polymer fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous superfine polymer fiber and a preparation method thereof. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 100 to 300 parts of a polymer, 1 to 300 parts of a non-solvent and 300 to 1000 parts of a solvent into a dissolving kettle having a stirrer and a thermometer and carrying out dissolving at a temperature of 30 to 100 DEG C under stirring; carrying out deaeration with the degree of vacuum being 0.05 to 0.08 MPa and slaking for 10 to 12 h so as to prepare a spinning solution; spraying the spinning solution onto a receiving device through electrostatic spinning, wherein ambient humidity is 30 to 95%, a voltage for electrostatic spinning is 15 to 25 kv, and reception distance is 6 to 30 cm; and drying obtained porous superfine fibers in a vacuum oven to remove residual solvent and non-solvent in the fibers so as to obtain a finished product of the porous superfine polymer fiber. The method provided in the invention is simple and practicable, and the obtained porous superfine polymer fiber has the advantages of a single component, a small diameter, a great specific surface area, a controllable structure and the like.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a polymer porous superfine fiber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of preparation of porous superfine fibers. Background technique: [0002] Porous ultrafine fibers have higher specific surface area and surface activity, so they have broad application prospects in high-efficiency chemical and biological adsorption separation materials, catalytic carriers, high-efficiency sensors, tissue engineering scaffolds, cell and drug molecule carriers, and composite materials. At present, the most common method of preparing porous ultrafine fibers is electrospinning technology, which is a spinning method that sprays and stretches polymer solutions under electrostatic action to obtain micro- and nano-scale fibers. It has the advantages of simple equipment and convenient operation. , Low cost and other advantages. [0003] At present, there are many methods for preparing polymer porous ultrafine fibers by electrospi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, there are many methods for preparing polymer porous ultrafine fibers by electrospinning technology, which can be roughly divided into two types: doping method and solution phase separation method (document 1. You Y, Youk JH, Lee SW, Min BM, Lee SJ, Park WH. Preparation of porous ultrafine PGA fibers via selective dissolution of electrospun PGA / PLA blends fibers. Materials Letters, 2006, 60(6): 757–760. Literature 2. Bognitzki M, Czado W, Frese T, Schaper A, Hellwig M , Steinhart M, Greiner A, Wendorff JH. Nanostructured fibers via electrospinning. Advanced Materials, 2001, 13(1): 70–72.): The doping method is prepared by mixing a small amount of other components in the polymer matrix This method is suitable for almost all polymers, but its preparation steps are relatively complicated, and in many cases Under the circumstances, it is basically impossible to completely remove the doped component, which leads to the reduction of fiber performance and limits its final application.

However, the solution phase separation method needs to use a solvent with a lower boiling point to facilitate the rapid volatilization of the solvent to form holes in the spinning process. This method also has stricter requirements on the spinning conditions. On the one hand, this limits the types of available solvents. On the other hand, It also makes many polymers that can only be dissolved in high boiling point solvents unable to form pores by this method.

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