Preparation method of three-dimensional fiber-based aerogel material and product thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a three-dimensional fiber-based aerogel material and a product thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly dispersing fibers in solvents which do not have fiber solubility to form turbid liquid; secondly curing the turbid liquid to form cured pieces; thirdly removing cured solvents in the cured pieces to form non-crosslinked fiber-based aerogel; and finally carrying out crosslinking stabilization treatment on the non-crosslinked fiber-based aerogel to obtain the fiber crossing point bonded and fixed three-dimensional fiber-based aerogel material. The product is a three-dimensional network-shaped material formed through mutual penetration and stagger of fibers. The fiber crossing points are effectively interconnected through non-hydrogen-bond bonding. The three-dimensional fiber-based aerogel material has volume density of 0.1-500mg / cm<3>, average pore size of 0.01-2000mu m and specific surface area of 0.2-2000m<2> / g. The preparation method and the product have the advantages that the preparation process is simple; the raw material limitations are less; and the aerogel product has good flexibility and connectivity and has broad application prospects in numerous fields.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a three-dimensional fiber-based airgel material and its products, in particular to a three-dimensional fiber-based airgel material obtained from a one-dimensional fiber through a three-dimensional network reconstruction method and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Airgel is a highly dispersed solid material formed by replacing the liquid in the gel with gas, and it is one of the solid materials with the lowest density known so far. Airgel can be divided into inorganic aerogel, organic aerogel and inorganic / organic composite aerogel according to different components. The preparation method is mainly through the combination of sol-gel technology and supercritical drying technology to obtain the colloid Or a three-dimensional porous network material constructed by the mutual aggregation of tiny polymer particles. Airgel materials have the advantages of high porosity, large specifi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the above method, the fibers are added to the precursor of the inorganic sol as a filling material, and the prepared airgel is still a particle-type airgel in essence, and the fibers only exist as a reinforcing component in the material structure, so that the material is difficult to obtain. Demonstrates the advantages and functional properties of the fiber structure

In addition, the above methods all need to prepare the inorganic precursor sol first, which leads to the disadvantages of complex preparation process, long time-consuming, narrow range of raw material selection, etc.

Japanese patent P2006-75235A discloses a preparation method of a cellulose acetate fiber / polylactic acid composite airgel material, in which polylactic acid forms a composite nano-airgel with the fiber in the form of spraying, and the material structure is still a kind of polylactic acid The airgel material is formed by the aggregation of tiny lactic acid particles, and the spraying method is difficult to realize the uniform composite of polylactic acid particles and fibers, and the pore structure of the material is difficult to control

Foreign literature [Highly conductive and stretchable conductors fabricated from bacterial cellulose.[J].NPG Asia Materials2012,4,e19] reported a method of directly drying bacterial cellulose to prepare fiber-based airgel materials, but this method can only It is suitable for bacterial cellulose raw materials, which are difficult to break through the structure of bacterial cellulose raw materials in terms of material size, and because bacterial cellulose fibers have extremely strong hydrophilicity and hydrogen bonding, they have poor mechanical strength, no resilience, and moisture absorption. Defects such as post-deformation

Therefore, the methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patents are difficult to realize the controllable preparation of full-fiber structural airgel materials.