Dual-functional catalyst applied to residual oil, preparation and application of catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-functional catalyst applied to residual oil, preparation and application of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises an iron-containing compound and carbon powder, wherein primary particles of the iron-containing compound comprise two types of nano catalyst particles different in shape; the iron-containing compound is precipitated and synthesized in an iron-containing compound aqueous solution. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the catalyst and an application of the dual-functional catalyst to thermal hydrocracking treatment on the residual oil for producing low-boiling point liquid products. The catalyst is especially applicable to the thermal hydrocracking process of asphaltene super heavy oil with high content of metal and inferior-quality residual oil; the catalyst is high in cracking activity and has a function of inhibiting coke formation; and the catalyst is simple in preparation method, free of noble metal and low in cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a dual-function catalyst for hydrothermal cracking of residual oil, a preparation method of the catalyst, and a method for thermal cracking of residual oil by using the catalyst. Background technique [0002] The increasingly heavy and inferior oil resources in the world and the contradiction between the rapid economic growth and the increasing demand for petroleum products have made refineries pay more and more attention to the technology of lightening heavy oil. The cracking process has strong competitiveness and good development prospects because it can deal with low-quality raw materials with high carbon residue and high metal content. Catalyst is one of the core technologies of residual oil hydrothermal cracking process. It is very important for reducing reaction severity, improving reaction efficiency, increasing oil yield, reducing coke yield, thereby reducing residual oil processing cost and improving its economic compe...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Carbonaceous powder catalyst is a kind of residual oil slurry bed hydrothermal cracking catalyst that is widely used. For example, in the prior art of residual oil slurry bed hydrothermal cracking, ferrous sulfate, ore powder or coal powder are used as additives. These The additive has a certain coke-carrying performance, but due to the low iron content in the additive, there are disadvantages such as a large amount of addition, poor dispersion in raw materials, and serious wear and tear on equipment

[0005] CN1020112C proposed the hydrocracking of heavy oil in the presence of ultra-fine ferric sulfate, requiring that ferric sulfate or iron ore etc. be mixed with oil and ground to a particle size of less than 45 microns in a stirring ball mill, preferably at least 50% of the particles The particle size is less than 5 microns. Although the use of this catalyst is beneficial to reduce coke formation and improve asphalt conversion, it is easy to operate in the laboratory to grind the solid to several microns, but the industrial implementation has higher requirements for the grinding machine, and the loss is large. Difficult to achieve

Solid-phase method is difficult to form nano-scale grains, hydrothermal / solvothermal synthesis method needs to be in a closed container, under the conditions of relatively high temperature and high pressure (generally 200 ° C, the pressure is generated by heating the solution), and requires a large amount of solvent, production high cost

[0007] CN1255407A and USP5866501 disclose a kind of dispersive fine-grained, anion-modified and phosphorus-promoted iron oxide slurry catalyst, the catalyst has a large specific surface area and a particle size less than 50 angstroms, and the inventor recommends using wet cake gel However, the wet cake contains at least 60% of water. The introduction of this part of water will not only increase the load on the reactor, but also cause difficulties in the separation of subsequent products. After drying, it is added as a dry powder. Due to the aggregation between particles, Catalyst activity decreases, heavy fractions are more

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