Separation method of effective components of rare earth tailings

Abstract

The invention discloses a separation method of effective components of rare earth tailings, and relates to the mineral separation field. The separation method of the effective components of the rare earth tailings uses the rare earth tailings as raw materials. The main separation process of the separation method of the effective components of the rare earth tailings includes: (1) performing ball grinding treatment on the rare earth tailings, and mixing sodium carbonate with the rare earth tailings so as to perform high temperature oxygen enrichment roasting; (2) using diluted hydrochloric acid to preprocess the rare earth tailings, and performing pressure filtration separation; (3) performing concentration and separation on a solution obtained in the pressure filtration separation, and crystallizing and separating out mixed rare earth chlorides; (4) condensing hydrochloric acid steam generated during the concentration process, using the condensed hydrochloric acid steam to process filter cakes obtained in the pressure filtration separation, and leading hydrogen chloride gas into a liquid phase; (5) obtaining high cerium chloride through solid and liquid separation, diluting obtained concentrated acid, and using the diluted acid in diluted acid preprocessing. The separation method of the effective components of the rare earth tailings aims at using the abundant rare earth tailings to separate the effective components contained in the rare earth tailings, effectively reduces environment pollution generated in rare earth industry, and is wide in raw material resource, good in economic benefit, strong in operability, and easy to industrialize.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of mineral separation, in particular to a method for separating effective components of rare earth tailings. Background technique [0002] Due to their special physical and chemical properties, rare earth metals and their compounds are widely used in many fields, and play an irreplaceable key role in aviation, aerospace and national defense industries. For a long time, my country has conducted extensive research on the separation of rare earth elements and achieved a number of technological breakthroughs. At present, with the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, protecting the environment and reducing pollution have become serious problems faced by the rare earth industry. Therefore, the research and development of green, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly new processes for rare earth ore processing has become a current research hotspot. [0003] A large amount of rar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main disadvantages of this process are: a large amount of fluorine-containing wastewater, which is difficult to recycle and treat; high alkali price, large consumption, and relatively high operating costs; discontinuous process, difficult to achieve large-scale production; high requirements for concentrate grade

However, this method has the following main disadvantages: thorium enters the slag in the form of pyrophosphate, causing radioactive pollution, and cannot be recovered; it is difficult to recover waste gas containing fluorine and sulfur. Currently, it is absorbed by spraying with alkali or water, resulting in a large amount of acid-containing wastewater. Lime is generally used for neutralization, resulting in a large amount of fluorine-containing waste residue

In addition, the rare earth grade and mineral composition in the tailings dam are unstable, which brings certain difficulties to the selection of high-grade rare earth concentrates from the tailings

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