A method for harmless treatment of urban waste polyurethane foam materials

Abstract

The invention provides a method for harmlessly treating an urban waste polyurethane foam material.The method includes the treatment process of sorting, coarse crushing, extruding, smashing, mixing into alternative fuel and the like.The method is remarkably characterized in that the process method in which the material is coarsely crushed, then compressed and smashed, and serves as the alternative fuel is adopted, the differences between toughness, high rebound resilience, workpiece sizes and other physical characteristics of soft foam and hard foam are fully considered, and a foaming agent escaping from all links is adsorbed and collected with activated carbon.The method is suitable for the situation that the urban waste polyurethane foam material is small in total quantity, abundant in variety and high in impurity content, intermittent production can be achieved, uncertainty of urban coming materials is coped at any time, and the purposes of waste recycling use, reduction of ODS (ozone layer depleting substance) and greenhouse gas emissions and reduction of atmosphere pollution are achieved.The environment-friendly, economical and feasible scheme is small in investment, high in efficiency, zero in pollution and low in operating cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to urban waste treatment technology, in particular to the harmless treatment technology of urban waste polyurethane foam materials. Background technique [0002] Polyurethane (PU) materials are widely used in electromechanical, shipbuilding, aviation, vehicles, civil engineering, light industry, Textile and other sectors have a wide variety of products. The rapid development of the PU industry has led to an increase in output, which has also led to the generation of a large amount of waste, including scraps in production and various types of PU materials that are aged and scrapped. Therefore, the harmless treatment of waste PU has become an urgent problem to be solved. . [0003] Foaming agents used in large quantities in polyurethane foam materials. Before the "Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer" (1989), many blowing agents used chlorofluorocarbons (mainly CFC-11). As we all know, this type of Blowing...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, since the foaming agent contained in the waste polyurethane foam material has a flame retardant effect, it is difficult to burn completely. Practice has proved that a large amount of black smoke will be emitted from the incineration of PU waste in municipal solid waste incineration plants. If the incineration process is incomplete or In the case of incomplete exhaust gas treatment, toxic gas will be produced, causing secondary pollution

Therefore, general municipal solid waste incineration plants cannot effectively treat PU waste.

[0006] (2) The physical landfill method is also one of the main methods currently adopted. However, this method is difficult to decompose PU waste, and because the volume density of polyurethane foam materials is very small, landfill will occupy a lot of land and consume resources

[0011] 1. This treatment method only deals with rigid foam, and cannot deal with a large amount of soft foam in urban waste polyurethane foam.

[0012] 2. This processing method does not distinguish between hard and soft foam. Using the same crusher, because the soft foam has a smaller volume density, soft texture, and high resilience, the material is easy to form a bridge and cannot be automatically involved in the cutter shaft of the crusher. , so hard and soft foam cannot be pulverized at the same time

[0013] 3. Using this method, since polyurethane rigid foam is mostly closed-cell structure, many foam cells contain a large amount of foaming agent, and most of these foaming agents are chlorofluorocarbons, which are typical flame retardants, and a large amount of flame retardant If the agent enters the kiln, it will cause the temperature in the kiln to be too low, which may cause incomplete combustion of the polyurethane foam material and produce a large amount of black smoke and toxic gases.

[0014] 4. The simple tail gas treatment device of this method may cause serious secondary pollution, while the complex and powerful tail gas treatment system is expensive and expensive to implement

[0015] 5. With this method, due to the action of the flame retardant formed by the blowing agent, a large amount of fuel (fuel or gas) will be consumed

[0016] 6. With this method, since the total amount of waste polyurethane foam materials in a region is very small and discontinuous, the utilization of the heat generated has little economic value

[0017] 7. With this method, because there is a large amount of residual carbon in the product, the temperature in the kiln is low, only the foam is pyrolyzed, and it cannot be completely burned, which increases the difficulty of tail gas treatment.

[0020] 10. The tail gas treatment of this method will consume a lot of water, and it is difficult to treat the waste water

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