Comprehensive recovery method of waste and old cathode charcoal block of aluminium electrolytic tank

A technology for waste aluminum electrolysis cell and cathode carbon block, which is applied in the directions of aluminum fluoride, aluminum halide, alumina/aluminum hydroxide, etc., can solve the problems that the process has not been industrialized, the valuable substances cannot be effectively recovered, and the processing cost is high. , to achieve the effect of low raw material price, shortened alkali leaching time and high purity

Active Publication Date: 2016-11-02
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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Problems solved by technology

[0010] At present, there are many recovery and treatment processes for aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, most of which have not been widely used in industrial applications. The reason is that these processes have at least one drawback, such as

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  • Comprehensive recovery method of waste and old cathode charcoal block of aluminium electrolytic tank

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Embodiment 1

[0044] Take 10g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, the main element content is (wt%): C70.9, Al8.23, O9.55, F5.38, Na2.57, Fe1.21, crushed to -200 Mesh accounted for 90%, tiled in a 9cm × 6cm flat-bottomed square porcelain boat.

[0045]Put the porcelain boat containing the waste cathode powder in a muffle furnace, heat it up to 400°C, and keep it warm for 60 minutes to remove cyanide; the waste cathode powder for cyanide removal is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 25% to form a slurry, and passed through single-cell flotation machine for rough selection. The inhibitor in the flotation process is water glass, the dosage is 320g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 400g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 40g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 7.52 g of carbon residue and 2.26 g of electrolyte residu...

Embodiment 2

[0050] Take 30g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, the main element content is (wt%): C70.9, Al8.23, O9.55, F5.38, Na2.57, Fe1.21, crushed to -200 Mesh accounted for 90%, tiled in a 12cm x 8cm flat-bottomed square porcelain boat.

[0051] Put the porcelain boat containing the waste cathode powder in a muffle furnace, heat it up to 300°C, and then keep it warm for 70 minutes to remove cyanide; the waste cathode powder for cyanide removal is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 10% to form a slurry, and passed through single-cell flotation machine for rough selection. The inhibitor in the flotation process is water glass, the dosage is 200g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 400g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 40g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 23 g of carbon residue and 6.62 g of electrolyte r...

Embodiment 3

[0056] Take 100g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, the main element content is (wt%): C70.9, Al8.23, O9.55, F5.38, Na2.57, Fe1.21, crushed to -200 Mesh accounted for 90%, tiled in a 12cm x 8cm flat-bottomed square porcelain boat.

[0057] Put the porcelain boat containing the waste cathode powder in a muffle furnace, heat it up to 400°C and keep it warm for 60 minutes to remove cyanide; the waste cathode powder for cyanide removal is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 30% to form a slurry, and passed through single-cell flotation machine for rough selection. The inhibitor in the flotation process is water glass, the dosage is 400g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 200g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 100g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 77.25 g of carbon residue and 21.78 g of electrolyte r...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive recovery method of waste and old cathode charcoal block of an aluminium electrolytic tank, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste resources. The method is as below: crushing and grinding waste and old cathode charcoal block of the aluminium electrolytic tank at 200-400 DEG C, insulating, removing cyanide, conducting flotation separation on the material with cyanide removed to obtain carbon slag and electrolyte slag, heating the electrolyte slag at 550-800 DEG C to remove carbon impurities, so as to obtain an electrolyte powder, removing to soluble substances in the electrolyte slag by alkali leaching to obtain a carbon powder with high purity, and precipitating a mixture of cryolite and aluminium hydroxide form the alkali leaching liquid by CO2. The invention has the advantages of reasonable process design, simple process, high treatment efficiency, high recovery rate and recycling rate of each material and no secondary pollution, and is applicable to large-scale industrial application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a comprehensive recovery method for waste and old cathode carbon blocks of an aluminum electrolytic cell, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste resources. technical background [0002] Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the earth's crust, and it is also the non-ferrous metal with the largest output and application. Since 2001, China's electrolytic aluminum production capacity has ranked first in the world for many years. In 2015, the output of primary aluminum was about 31.41 million tons. Data show that for every 1t of electrolytic aluminum produced, about 10kg of waste cathode materials will be produced. Based on this calculation, my country produced more than 300,000 tons of waste cathode materials for aluminum electrolysis in 2015 alone. [0003] In aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, carbon accounts for 30% to 70%, and the rest is electrolyte,...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C01B31/02C01F7/02C01F7/54
CPCC01F7/02C01F7/54C01P2006/80
Inventor 肖劲袁杰田忠良杨凯仲奇凡赖延清李劼
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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