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Smelting separation method of rare earth ores

A separation method and rare earth ore technology are applied in the field of smelting and separation of rare earth ore, which can solve the problems of high operating cost, large investment cost and limited application, and achieve the effects of improving recovery rate, improving recovery and reducing production cost.

Active Publication Date: 2017-01-04
GRIREM ADVANCED MATERIALS CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

These methods all have the disadvantages of high operating costs and large investment costs, which limit their industrial applications.

Method used

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  • Smelting separation method of rare earth ores

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0064] After roasting 1Kg Baotou mixed rare earth concentrate (REO 50.4%) with sulfuric acid, leaching and neutralizing and removing impurities with a concentration of 2g / L magnesium bicarbonate aqueous solution (calculated as MgO), control the end point of pH to 4.5, Iron, phosphorus, thorium and other impurities are precipitated and removed, and 48.9L of magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution and leaching residue are obtained by solid-liquid separation; the content of rare earth in the magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution is 10.0g / L (calculated as REO), and the recovery rate of rare earth is 97.0%.

Embodiment 2

[0066] After roasting 1Kg Baotou mixed rare earth concentrate (REO 53.0%) with sulfuric acid, it is leached and neutralized with an aqueous solution of magnesium bicarbonate (calculated as MgO) with a concentration of 18g / L. The pH value at the end is controlled to be 4.3. Iron, phosphorus, thorium and other impurities are removed by precipitation and solid-liquid separation to obtain 12.64L of magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution and leaching residue; the content of rare earth in the magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution is 41.0g / L (calculated as REO), and the recovery rate of rare earth is 97.5%.

Embodiment 3

[0068] Baotou mixed rare earth concentrate (REO 51.6%) is mixed with 93wt% concentrated sulfuric acid at a speed of 1t / h into a rotary kiln with a mineral acid ratio of 1:1.4 (weight ratio) and continuous roasting at 350°C. Use 10g / L magnesium bicarbonate aqueous solution to leaching and neutralize the roasted rare earth ore after sulfuric acid acidification and roasting, control the pH at the end point to 4.2, and obtain a magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution 14.6m by solid-liquid separation 3 / h and leaching residue; the content of rare earth in the magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution is 34.5g / L (calculated as REO), the recovery rate of rare earth is 97.6%, and impurity ions such as iron, phosphorus, and thorium form precipitation into the leaching residue.

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Abstract

The invention provides a smelting separation method of rare earth ores. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out leaching, neutralization and impurity removal on sulfuric acid roast ores by using an aqueous solution of magnesium bicarbonate, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a magnesium-containing rare earth sulfate solution; and carrying out aqueous magnesium bicarbonate solution saponification P507 or P204 extraction transformation or magnesium bicarbonate precipitation transformation enrichment to obtain a high-concentration mixed rare earth chloride solution, carrying out extraction separation, and recovering rare earth from the above obtained aqueous magnesium bicarbonate solution precipitate to obtain various rare earth compound products. Magnesium sulfate-containing wastewater generated in the above process undergoes alkali transformation by cheap alkaline compounds of calcium and magnesium, and CO2 recovered in the smelting separation process is introduced to carry out carbonization purification in order to obtain an aqueous magnesium bicarbonate solution which can be reused in rare earth leaching, transformation, extraction separation and precipitation processes. The method has the advantages of realization of recycling of magnesium and CO2 and zero discharge of ammonia nitrogen and wastewater, great reduction of the production cost, improvement of the recovery rate of rare earths, and realization of green, environmentally-friendly and high-efficient clean production of the rare earths.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of smelting and separation of rare earth ore, in particular to a method for smelting and separating rare earth ore. Background technique [0002] At present, the smelting separation and purification of rare earths generally use solvent extraction, but the rare earth smelting process has problems such as large amount of acid and alkali, high cost, and large waste water discharge. For example, Baotou mixed rare earth ore mainly adopts sulfuric acid roasting-water leaching-magnesium oxide neutralization and impurity removal-extraction or extraction separation process. The obtained rare earth sulfate solution needs to add a large amount of solid magnesium oxide to neutralize the remaining acid and adjust the pH to remove impurities. Due to the high impurity content in light burned magnesia and the slow solid reaction speed, unreacted magnesia and its impurities form a large amount of waste residue; the pH change is difficult t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B3/04C22B3/26C22B59/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 黄小卫冯宗玉徐旸王猛崔大立孙旭王良士魏煜青彭新林
Owner GRIREM ADVANCED MATERIALS CO LTD
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