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Cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof

A quaternary ammonium salt gemini and surfactant technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, dissolution, organic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of high cost, environmental pollution, health of operators, threats, etc., and achieve low pollution, solubility and Low biological toxicity and good surface activity

Active Publication Date: 2017-03-22
WUHAN OXIRAN SPECIALTY CHEM CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, most of the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactants are of alkyl head group and alkyl linking chain structure, and the different head group structures have a great influence on the structure and surface activity of gemini surfactants; and this type In the synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts, dichloroalkanes or dibromoalkanes are usually required, which involves high cost, environmental pollution and potential threats to the health of operators. Therefore, it is of great significance to further explore gemini surfactants with excellent performance and their preparation methods. important practical significance

Method used

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  • Cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof
  • Cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof
  • Cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and preparation method thereof

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0035] A kind of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant, wherein n=8, X=Cl, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0036] 1) Intermediate product alkyl substituted piperidine C 5 h 10 N-C 8 h 17 Synthetic steps: mix 1-bromooctane and piperidine at a molar ratio of 1:3, and react at 95°C for 12 hours with absolute ethanol as a solvent; The mixture was neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution; the mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the organic phases were combined and dried overnight with anhydrous magnesium sulfate; after filtering, the ethyl acetate in the filtrate was removed with a rotary evaporator to obtain a light yellow oily liquid, and finally Obtain high-purity alkyl-substituted piperidine (C 5 h 10 N-C 8 h 17 ), the yield is 95.1%;

[0037] 2) the synthetic steps of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant: p-dichlorobenzyl and C 5 h 10 N-C 8 h 17 Mix according to the molar ratio of ...

Embodiment 2

[0040] A kind of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant, wherein n=10, X=Cl, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0041] 1) Intermediate product alkyl substituted piperidine C 5 h 10 N-C 10 h 21 Synthetic steps: mix 1-bromodecane and piperidine at a molar ratio of 1:3.5, and react with absolute ethanol at 95°C for 24 hours; The mixture was neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution; the resulting mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the organic phases were combined and dried overnight with anhydrous magnesium sulfate; after filtering, the ethyl acetate in the filtrate was removed with a rotary evaporator to obtain a light yellow oily liquid, Finally obtain high-purity alkyl substituted piperidine (C) with oil pump decompression distillation 5 h 10 N-C 10 h 21 ), the yield is 93.3%;

[0042] 2) the synthetic steps of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant: p-dichlorobenzyl and C 5 h 10 N-C 10 h...

Embodiment 3

[0045] A kind of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant, wherein n=14, X=Cl, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0046] 1) Intermediate product alkyl substituted piperidine C 5 h 10 N-C 14 h 29 Synthesis steps of 1-bromotetradecane and piperidine are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:3, and reacted at 95°C for 48 hours with absolute ethanol as a solvent; after the reaction is completed, the absolute ethanol is removed with a rotary evaporator, The residue was neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution; the resulting mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the organic phases were combined and dried overnight with anhydrous magnesium sulfate; after filtration, the ethyl acetate in the filtrate was removed with a rotary evaporator to obtain a light yellow oil Liquid, finally obtain high-purity alkyl substituted piperidine (C 5 h 10 N-C 14 h 29 ), the yield is 95.3%;

[0047] 2) the synthetic steps of heterocyclic quaternary...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant. The preparation method comprises: carrying out a substitution reaction by using 1-bromoalkane and piperidine as raw materials to obtain alkyl substituted piperidine; and carrying out a quaternization reaction on benzyl dihalide and the alkyl substituted piperidine to obtain the heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant. According to the present invention, the cyclic head group and the rigid linking chain group are concurrently introduced, such that the space volume is much larger than the linear chain alkyl chain structure, the maximum single molecule occupation area of the surfactant is significantly improved, and the surface adsorption function and the efficiency of the surfactant are improved; and the method has advantages of easily-available raw materials, simple preparation process, low pollution, high product yield, high product purity, and important practical application significance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of surfactants, in particular to a cyclic quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Gemini surfactants are a class of amphiphilic substances with two lipophilic groups and two hydrophilic groups. Compared with traditional single-chain surfactants, gemini surfactants are dimers obtained by linking two single-chain single-head group surfactants at or near the hydrophilic group through a spacer group . This special structure makes its properties more special, such as low critical micelle concentration, high surface activity, better wettability, better dispersibility, strong solubility and thickening ability, and is good with other surfactants. Synergistic effect and other excellent properties. [0003] At present, most of the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactants are of alkyl head group and alkyl linking chain structure, and the different head grou...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01F17/32B01F17/18C07D295/037C07D295/023C09K23/32C09K23/18
CPCC07D295/023C07D295/037C09K23/00
Inventor 刘治田葛一凡张旗高翔于雪晨蔡雄陈梦瑶
Owner WUHAN OXIRAN SPECIALTY CHEM CO
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