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High-current multi-channel metal cathode

A metal cathode, multi-channel technology, applied in circuits, electrical components, discharge tube electron guns, etc., can solve the problems of unsuitable magnetic plasma thrusters, complex cathode structure, difficult system control, etc., so as to reduce the material ablation rate. , the structure and control are simple, the effect of improving the emission current capability

Active Publication Date: 2017-03-22
SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE PROPULSION
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Moreover, the existing hollow cathodes of barium tungsten or lanthanum hexaboride require an external heater to preheat the emitter material to be able to ignite and discharge. At the same time, a dedicated heating power supply is required. The structure of the cathode itself is complex and the system control is difficult.
The existing single-channel hollow cathode is not suitable for the use of magnetoplasma thrusters whose emission current requires hundreds of amperes and above

Method used

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  • High-current multi-channel metal cathode

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] Such as figure 1 As shown, the multi-channel metal cathode includes a plurality of metal emitters 1, a cathode tube 2, and a gas path interface 3. The cathode tube is a tungsten tube with an inner diameter of Φ10, and 76 tungsten rods of Φ1*10 (diameter*length) are assembled inside. The gas path interface material is molybdenum, and the cathode tube and gas path interface are welded by electron beam.

[0025] The multi-channel metal cathode is installed in the vacuum chamber, the working principle diagram is shown in Figure 4 , the vacuum degree of the working environment is not less than 5×10 -1 Pa. When the flow rate of the argon working medium is 1-5mg / s, and the anode voltage is 80-120V, the emitted electron current reaches 80-200A, and the emission current density of the emitter material is 2.1-8.4A / cm 2 , which can meet the discharge requirements of magnetoplasma thrusters with a power of 10-50kW.

Embodiment 2

[0027] Such as image 3 As shown, the multi-channel metal cathode includes a plurality of metal emitters 1, a cathode tube 2, and a gas path interface 3. The cathode tube is a tungsten tube with an inner diameter of Φ10, and 76 tungsten rods of Φ1*10 (diameter*length) are assembled inside. The gas path interface material is molybdenum, the cathode tube and the gas path interface are welded by electron beam, and the gas path interface is a 60° horn The port is connected with the ball nut intake pipe.

[0028] The multi-channel metal cathode is installed in the vacuum chamber, the working principle diagram is shown in Figure 4 , the vacuum degree of the working environment is not less than 5×10 -1 Pa. When the flow rate of the argon working medium is 1-5mg / s, and the anode voltage is 80-120V, the emitted electron current reaches 80-200A, and the emission current density of the emitter material is 2.1-8.4A / cm 2 , which can meet the discharge requirements of magnetoplasma thr...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Such as figure 1 As shown, the multi-channel metal cathode includes a plurality of metal emitters 1, a cathode tube 2, and a gas path interface 3. The cathode tube is a tungsten tube with an inner diameter of Φ20, and 76 tungsten rods of Φ2*20 (diameter*length) are assembled inside. The gas path interface material is molybdenum, and the cathode tube and gas path interface are welded by electron beam.

[0031] The multi-channel metal cathode is installed in the vacuum chamber, the working principle diagram is shown in Figure 4 , the vacuum degree of the working environment is not less than 5×10 -1 Pa. When the flow rate of the argon working medium is 5-11mg / s, and the anode voltage is 100-200V, the emitted electron current reaches 200-500A, and the emission current density of the emitter material is 2.09-5.24A / cm 2 , which can meet the discharge requirements of magnetoplasma thrusters with a power of 50-100kW.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-current multi-channel metal hollow cathode, which comprises a cathode tube, multiple metal emitters and an air circuit interface, wherein the cathode tube is a thin refractory metal tube, the multiple refractory metal emitters are arranged at one end of the cathode tube in parallel, the surfaces between the metal emitters and between the metal emitters and the inner wall of the cathode tube are tangent and the other end of the cathode tube is hermetically welded with the air circuit interface. According to the high-current multi-channel metal cathode, multiple emission channels are formed by adopting multiple metal bars or tubes with low work functions and high electron emission ability, the emission area is increased under the condition of a finite size, the emission current capacity is improved, an external heater is not needed, a certain flow of gas working medium is introduced to the inside, certain high voltage is applied to the outside and electron current of 100-500A can be emitted through direct ignition; and the emission current density of unit area does not exceed 10A / cm<2>, thereby greatly reducing the surface temperatures of the emitters and the material ablation rate and prolonging the service life of the hollow cathode and a thruster.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of space propulsion, and in particular relates to a large-current multi-channel metal cathode. Background technique [0002] Compared with chemical propulsion, electric propulsion has a high specific impulse. It can be widely used in missions such as spacecraft orbit transfer, orbit maintenance, attitude control, drag-free control, and main propulsion for deep space exploration. agents, increase spacecraft life, or reduce onboard requirements. With the development of space propulsion technology, the current mature Hall or ion thrusters have a high specific impulse (1500-3000s), but the thrust is small (40-300mN), which cannot meet the tasks of deep space exploration and manned moon landing. The required propulsion tasks require large thrust (several cattle to tens of cattle) and high specific impulse (6000-10000s). The theoretical value of the specific impulse of the magnetic plasma thruster (MPDT, MagenetoPlasma Dy...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01J3/02
CPCH01J3/025H01J3/027
Inventor 乔彩霞康小录薛伟华杭观荣张岩余水淋梁爽
Owner SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE PROPULSION
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