Polyether polyol for flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foam and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flame retardant modification, and provides polyether polyol for flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) coarsely preparing flame-retardant polyether polyol, namely mixing polyphosphoric acid and pentaerythritol to perform a reflux reaction to obtain a first mixture; then, adding polyol and potassium hydroxide into the first mixture, reacting to form a second mixture, and vacuumizing and dehydrating the second mixture; heating, controlling the reaction pressure, adding an epoxy compound into the second mixture, heating, and controlling the reaction pressure to react to obtain the coarsely prepared flame-retardant polyether polyol; and (2) refining the flame-retardant polyether polyol, namely adding phosphoric acid and adsorbent into the coarsely prepared flame-retardant polyether polyol, filtering and drying. The preparation method is simple in synthesis process and low in cost, and can be used for preparing the polyether polyol with excellent flame retardant performance.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flame retardant modification, and specifically relates to a polyether polyol for flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foam and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Polyurethane is the abbreviation of polyurethane, which is a general term for a type of polymer with repeating carbamate groups on the main chain prepared by the reaction of polyols and polyisocyanates. Rigid polyurethane foam is one of the largest products in the polyurethane industry. Because of its light weight, high specific strength and excellent thermal insulation performance, it is widely used in the field of thermal insulation materials. However, non-flame retardant polyurethane rigid foams have a limiting oxygen index of less than 20% and are extremely combustible. The production of toxic gases CO and HCN after combustion are often the direct causes of people's suffocation and poisoning deaths in fires. [0003] Therefor...

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Problems solved by technology

The existing polyurethane rigid foam flame retardant method, one is additive flame retardant, the defect of this method is that with the increase of the service life of the rigid foam, the flame retardant will be precipitated from the rigid foam, which will affect the performance of the rigid foam; Another method is the modification of raw materials. One is the flame-retardant modification of isocyanate. At present, only a few countries such as Japan produce flame-retardant isocyanate in small batches, and the flame-retardant effect is not obvious; the other is for polyether The flame-retardant modification of polyols, however, the modification method of polyether polyols in the prior art often has the following disadvantages: the introduction of halogen-containing compounds, and the combustion of halogen-containing compounds is easy to produce carcinogenic and corrosive gases, which is harmful to The harm to the human body and the environment is great; the introduction of phosphate ester content is large, which affects the performance of polyether polyol itself, and the cost is high; the flame retardant efficiency of introducing N element into polyether polyol is not high

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