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Efficient lithium metal composite material and preparation method thereof, applications of efficient lithium metal composite material as negative electrode

A technology of composite materials and lithium metal, applied in nanotechnology for materials and surface science, negative electrodes, battery electrodes, etc., can solve problems such as the fragility of solid electrolyte membranes, the consumption of active materials in batteries, and low Coulombic efficiency. Good adsorption of molten lithium, inhibition of dendrite growth, and reduction of current density

Active Publication Date: 2018-02-23
ZHEJIANG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Mainly, there are two very serious problems in the direct use of metal lithium as the negative electrode: (1) metal lithium is too active, and almost all electrolytes will have side reactions, resulting in the consumption of battery active materials and low Coulombic efficiency; (2) in the electrochemical cycle In the process, because there is no skeleton binding effect, the uneven deposition of lithium ions can easily lead to the generation of "lithium dendrites" and "dead lithium", which also makes the unstable solid electrolyte membrane (SEI) vulnerable and more serious The most important thing is that the continuous growth of dendrites will puncture the diaphragm, causing safety hazards
However, these methods cannot fundamentally solve the indiscriminate volume expansion of lithium metal and the growth of lithium dendrites.

Method used

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  • Efficient lithium metal composite material and preparation method thereof, applications of efficient lithium metal composite material as negative electrode
  • Efficient lithium metal composite material and preparation method thereof, applications of efficient lithium metal composite material as negative electrode
  • Efficient lithium metal composite material and preparation method thereof, applications of efficient lithium metal composite material as negative electrode

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Embodiment 1

[0035] Ti 6 Al 4 V flakes (0.3 mm) were ultrasonically cleaned in ethanol for 20 minutes, then washed 3 times with deionized water, and dried in a vacuum oven. The cleaned Ti 6 Al 4 The V-sheet is placed in the center of the tube furnace. Before the reaction, the residual oxygen in the tube was removed by pure argon to ensure that the reaction was under an inert atmosphere. After the temperature was raised to 600° C. for 1 hour, acetone gas was introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate of 50 sccm by argon bubbling. After reacting at 600°C for 1 hour, it was changed to pure argon and cooled to room temperature 25°C. The nanowire array substrate with TiC / C core-shell structure was prepared. Then solid metal Li (water and oxygen content are both lower than 0.1ppm) was melted in an argon-filled glove box. After the metal Li was completely melted at 300 °C, the prepared TiC / C array substrate was contacted with molten Li. After 20 s, molten liquid Li is adsorbed in t...

Embodiment 2

[0037] Ti 6 Al 4 V flakes (0.3 mm) were ultrasonically cleaned in ethanol for 20 minutes, then washed 3 times with deionized water, and dried in a vacuum oven. The cleaned Ti 6 Al 4The V-sheet is placed in the center of the tube furnace. Before the reaction, the residual oxygen in the tube was removed by pure argon to ensure that the reaction was under an inert atmosphere. After the temperature was raised to 800° C. for 2 hours, acetone gas was introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate of 150 sccm by argon bubbling. After reacting at 800°C for 3 hours, it was changed to pure argon and cooled to room temperature 25°C. The nanowire array substrate with TiC / C core-shell structure was prepared. Then solid metal Li (water and oxygen content are both lower than 0.1 ppm) was melted in an argon-filled glove box. After the metal Li was completely melted at 400 °C, the prepared TiC / C array substrate was contacted with molten Li. After 40 s, molten liquid Li is adsorbed i...

Embodiment 3

[0041] Ti 6 al 4 V flakes (0.3 mm) were ultrasonically cleaned in ethanol for 20 minutes, then washed 5 times with deionized water, and dried in a vacuum oven. The cleaned Ti 6 al 4 The V-sheet is placed in the center of the tube furnace. Before the reaction, the residual oxygen in the tube was removed by pure argon to ensure that the reaction was under an inert atmosphere. After the temperature was raised to 1000° C. for 3 hours, acetone gas was introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate of 300 sccm by argon bubbling. After reacting at 1000°C for 5 hours, it was changed to pure argon and cooled to room temperature 25°C. The nanowire array substrate with TiC / C core-shell structure was prepared. Then solid metal Li (water and oxygen content are both lower than 0.1 ppm) was melted in an argon-filled glove box. After the metal Li was completely melted at 500 °C, the prepared TiC / C array substrate was contacted with molten Li. After 60 s, molten liquid Li is adsorbe...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient lithium metal composite material and a preparation method thereof, applications of the efficient lithium metal composite material as a negative electrode. According to the preparation method, a reaction is performed for 1-5 h through a chemical vapor deposition method to synthesize a TiC / C three-dimensional porous skeleton layer, and the efficient lithium metalcomposite material is prepared through a melting lithium infiltration method by using the TiC / C three-dimensional porous skeleton layer as a carrier. According to the present invention, the efficientlithium metal composite material comprises a Ti6Al4V substrate, a TiC / C three-dimensional porous skeleton layer growing on the substrate, and a lithium metal phase adsorbed in the skeleton layer, wherein the TiC / C three-dimensional porous skeleton layer comprises titanium carbide nano-tubes and amorphous carbon wrapping on the titanium carbide nano-tubes; and the efficient lithium metal compositematerial has characteristics of high coulombic efficiency, significant inhibition of dendrite growth, and the like, and the energy density and the cycle stability of the whole battery can be significantly improved when the efficient lithium metal composite material is matched with lithium iron phosphate or sulfur positive electrode materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of negative electrode materials for lithium metal secondary batteries, in particular to a high-efficiency lithium metal composite material, a preparation method thereof, and an application as a lithium metal negative electrode material. Background technique [0002] The commercialization of lithium-ion batteries has greatly promoted the rapid development of electronic energy storage devices. However, the theoretical capacity of the negative active graphite material for lithium-ion batteries is only 372mAh g -1 , which seriously limits the further improvement of battery energy density. With the increasing demand for high-energy-density batteries for electronic products and electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries have encountered a huge development bottleneck. The mass energy density of pure Li metal is as high as 3860mAh g -1 , and has the most negative potential (-3.04V vs. standard hydrogen potential), ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M4/134B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/134H01M4/366H01M4/382H01M4/62H01M4/628H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 夏新辉刘苏福邓盛珏王秀丽涂江平
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV
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