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Anode material for aluminum-air cell and preparation method thereof

An aluminum-air battery and anode material technology, which is applied to battery electrodes, fuel cell-type half-cells, primary cell-type half-cells, circuits, etc. It can improve the electrochemical activity, slow down the self-corrosion of hydrogen evolution, and reduce the self-corrosion of hydrogen evolution.

Active Publication Date: 2018-10-12
GUANGDONG INST OF NEW MATERIALS
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Although aluminum-air batteries have the advantages of high energy density, green and pollution-free, and long discharge life in theory, they have not been widely used in industry at present, because aluminum-air batteries still have the following problems: there is a large gap between aluminum and oxygen. Strong affinity, easy to passivate in aqueous solution, the surface is covered with a layer of stable and dense Al 2 o 3 Oxide film, so that the potential of aluminum in neutral solution cannot reach its theoretical electrode potential, and it is difficult to meet the requirements for voltage; aluminum self-corrosion and hydrogen evolution are very serious in neutral solution, especially alkaline solution, causing aluminum to be used as an anode The utilization rate of materials is greatly reduced, and there is voltage hysteresis during discharge
However, elements such as gallium, indium, tin, and mercury have high density and low solid solubility in aluminum. These elements are easy to segregate in aluminum, making it difficult to fully exert the role of these elements, which limits the electrochemical performance of anode materials. The improvement of activity leads to serious hydrogen evolution self-corrosion, and the material utilization rate is still low

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  • Anode material for aluminum-air cell and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0033] Please refer to the attached figure 1 , the preparation method of aluminum-air battery anode material of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Select Al-5Ti-1B alloy rod, aluminum ingot with purity ≥99.99%, gallium metal with purity ≥99.99%, lead metal with purity ≥99.99%, and bismuth metal with purity ≥99.99% as raw materials;

[0035] The higher the purity of the main raw materials aluminum ingots, metal gallium, metal lead and metal bismuth, the higher the electrochemical activity of the aluminum alloy anode material and the lower the self-corrosion rate. The present invention selects aluminum ingots with a purity ≥ 99.99%, gallium metal with a purity ≥ 99.99%, lead metal with a purity ≥ 99.99%, and bismuth metal with a purity ≥ 99.99% as the main raw materials to eliminate Fe, Si, Cu and other metal impurity elements as much as possible. Negative impact on anode material. But it should be understood that the higher the purity of ra...

Embodiment 1

[0052] The anode material for aluminum-air batteries consists of the following components in mass percentage: Ga 0.15%, Pb 0.09%, Bi 0.03%, Ti 0.01%, B 0.002%, Fe 0.002%, Si 0.001%, Cu 0.002%, and the balance is Al and other unavoidable impurities, the individual content of other impurities is ≤0.002%. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0053] The first step: select Al-5Ti-1B alloy rod, aluminum ingot with a purity of 99.99%, metal gallium with a purity of 99.99%, metal lead with a purity of 99.99% and metal bismuth with a purity of 99.99% as raw materials;

[0054] Step 2: Heat and melt the aluminum ingot at 760°C in a heating furnace, then add 0.15% metal gallium, 0.09% metal lead and 0.03% metal bismuth to the total weight of the raw materials, stir and melt to form an aluminum alloy liquid;

[0055] The third step: use argon gas with a purity of 99.9% and a hexachloroethane refining agent accounting for 0.8% of the total weight of the raw materials to...

Embodiment 2

[0063]Anode materials for aluminum-air batteries are composed of the following mass percentages: Ga 0.1%, Pb 0.15%, Bi 0.05%, Ti 0.005%, B 0.001%, Fe 0.001%, Si 0.001%, Cu 0.003%, and the balance is Al And unavoidable other impurities, the individual content of other impurities is ≤0.002%. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0064] The first step: select Al-5Ti-1B alloy rod, aluminum ingot with a purity of 99.99%, metal gallium with a purity of 99.99%, metal lead with a purity of 99.99% and metal bismuth with a purity of 99.99% as raw materials;

[0065] Step 2: Heat and melt the aluminum ingot at 740°C in a heating furnace, then add 0.1% metal gallium, 0.15% metal lead and 0.05% metal bismuth to the total weight of the raw materials, stir and melt to form an aluminum alloy liquid;

[0066] Step 3: Use argon gas with a purity of 99.9% and a hexachloroethane refining agent accounting for 1% of the total weight of the raw materials to spray and refine the al...

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Abstract

The invention provides an anode material for an aluminum-air cell and a preparation method thereof. The anode material comprises, by mass, 0.1-0.2% of Ga, 0.05-0.15% of Pb, 0.01-0.05% of Bi, 0.005-0.015% of Ti, 0.001-0.003% of B, less than or equal to 0.003% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.003% of Si, less than or equal to 0.005% of Cu, and the balance Al and other inevitable impurities. The preparation method of the anode material comprises the steps of melting and preparing of aluminum alloy melt, furnace injection blowing and refining, online grain refinement, online degassing and filtration, ultrasonic stirring and semicontinuous casting, cast ingot homogenization, and heating and extrusion. Through optimization to the compositions of the anode material and the preparation method thereof, the cleanliness and composition homogenization of the material are improved, the compactness and continuity of an oxidation film are destroyed, the electrochemical activity of the material is improved, and the hydrogen evolution self-corrosion rate is reduced. The anode material for the aluminum-air cell, provided by the invention, has the advantages of high electrochemical activity, low hydrogen evolution self-corrosion rate and high material utilization rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum-air batteries, and in particular relates to an anode material for aluminum-air batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Metal-air batteries, also known as metal fuel cells, use metal as the anode, oxygen in the air as the cathode active material, alkaline or neutral aqueous solution as the electrolyte, oxygen in the air reacts with the anode metal through the gas diffusion electrode to release electrical energy battery. Metal-air batteries include aluminum-air batteries, lithium-air batteries, zinc-air batteries, and magnesium-air batteries. As a new type of high-energy chemical power source, metal-air batteries are generally favored by countries all over the world, and are known as green energy in the 21st century. [0003] Aluminum is a high-density energy carrier. An aluminum atom can release three electrons. The theoretical energy density of aluminum is 8.2W...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22C21/00C22C1/03C22C1/06C22F1/04H01M4/46H01M12/06
CPCC22C1/026C22C1/03C22C1/06C22C21/00C22F1/04H01M4/463H01M12/06Y02E60/10
Inventor 王顺成周楠康跃华李继林郑开宏
Owner GUANGDONG INST OF NEW MATERIALS
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